TY - JOUR
T1 - The impact of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery on normal metabolism in a porcine model
AU - Lindqvist, Andreas
AU - Ekelund, Mikael
AU - Garcia-Vaz, Eliana
AU - Ståhlman, Marcus
AU - Pierzynowski, Stefan
AU - Gomez, Maria F
AU - Rehfeld, Jens F
AU - Groop, Leif
AU - Hedenbro, Jan
AU - Wierup, Nils
AU - Spégel, Peter
PY - 2017/3
Y1 - 2017/3
N2 - BACKGROUND: A growing body of literature on Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) has generated inconclusive results on the mechanism underlying the beneficial effects on weight loss and glycaemia, partially due to the problems of designing clinical studies with the appropriate controls. Moreover, RYGB is only performed in obese individuals, in whom metabolism is perturbed and not completely understood.METHODS: In an attempt to isolate the effects of RYGB and its effects on normal metabolism, we investigated the effect of RYGB in lean pigs, using sham-operated pair-fed pigs as controls. Two weeks post-surgery, pigs were subjected to an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and circulating metabolites, hormones and lipids measured. Bile acid composition was profiled after extraction from blood, faeces and the gallbladder.RESULTS: A similar weight development in both groups of pigs validated our experimental model. Despite similar changes in fasting insulin, RYGB-pigs had lower fasting glucose levels. During an IVGTT RYGB-pigs had higher insulin and lower glucose levels. VLDL and IDL were lower in RYGB- than in sham-pigs. RYGB-pigs had increased levels of most amino acids, including branched-chain amino acids, but these were more efficiently suppressed by glucose. Levels of bile acids in the gallbladder were higher, whereas plasma and faecal bile acid levels were lower in RYGB- than in sham-pigs.CONCLUSION: In a lean model RYGB caused lower plasma lipid and bile acid levels, which were compensated for by increased plasma amino acids, suggesting a switch from lipid to protein metabolism during fasting in the immediate postoperative period.
AB - BACKGROUND: A growing body of literature on Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) has generated inconclusive results on the mechanism underlying the beneficial effects on weight loss and glycaemia, partially due to the problems of designing clinical studies with the appropriate controls. Moreover, RYGB is only performed in obese individuals, in whom metabolism is perturbed and not completely understood.METHODS: In an attempt to isolate the effects of RYGB and its effects on normal metabolism, we investigated the effect of RYGB in lean pigs, using sham-operated pair-fed pigs as controls. Two weeks post-surgery, pigs were subjected to an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and circulating metabolites, hormones and lipids measured. Bile acid composition was profiled after extraction from blood, faeces and the gallbladder.RESULTS: A similar weight development in both groups of pigs validated our experimental model. Despite similar changes in fasting insulin, RYGB-pigs had lower fasting glucose levels. During an IVGTT RYGB-pigs had higher insulin and lower glucose levels. VLDL and IDL were lower in RYGB- than in sham-pigs. RYGB-pigs had increased levels of most amino acids, including branched-chain amino acids, but these were more efficiently suppressed by glucose. Levels of bile acids in the gallbladder were higher, whereas plasma and faecal bile acid levels were lower in RYGB- than in sham-pigs.CONCLUSION: In a lean model RYGB caused lower plasma lipid and bile acid levels, which were compensated for by increased plasma amino acids, suggesting a switch from lipid to protein metabolism during fasting in the immediate postoperative period.
KW - Animals
KW - Blood Glucose
KW - Disease Models, Animal
KW - Fasting/blood
KW - Gastric Bypass/adverse effects
KW - Glucose/metabolism
KW - Glucose Tolerance Test
KW - Humans
KW - Insulin/metabolism
KW - Insulin Resistance/physiology
KW - Obesity/blood
KW - Swine
KW - Weight Loss/physiology
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0173137
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0173137
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 28257455
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 12
JO - PLoS Computational Biology
JF - PLoS Computational Biology
IS - 3
M1 - e0173137
ER -
