The impact of nicotine on osseointegration. An experimental study in the femur and tibia of rabbits

TY - JOUR

T1 - The impact of nicotine on osseointegration. An experimental study in the femur and tibia of rabbits

AU - Balatsouka, Dimitra

AU - Gotfredsen, Klaus

AU - Lindh, Christian H

AU - Berglundh, Tord

N1 - Keywords: Animals; Biomechanics; Cotinine; Dental Implants; Female; Femur; Fluorescent Dyes; Ganglionic Stimulants; Infusion Pumps; Injections, Subcutaneous; Nicotine; Osseointegration; Placebos; Rabbits; Stress, Mechanical; Surface Properties; Tibia; Titanium; Torque; Vibration

PY - 2005

Y1 - 2005

N2 - OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of an enhanced systematic dose of nicotine on osseointegration of titanium implants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixteen female rabbits received either nicotine (n=8) or saline (n=8) administered subcutaneously via mini-osmotic pumps for 2 months. The pump delivered 6 mug/kg/min of nicotine for the animals in the test group. Blood was withdrawn and plasma cotinine levels were measured weekly. Thirty-two titanium implants were inserted into the femur and tibia of all rabbits after 4 weeks and after 6 weeks of nicotine/placebo exposure. Thus, 2- and 4-week healing groups were created. Biomechanical evaluation by (i) resonance frequency analysis test (RFA) on all implants after insertion and before sacrifice and (ii) removal torque test (RMT) on tibial implants before sacrifice was performed. All implants placed in the femur were processed to undecalcified ground sections. The percentage of bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and of bone area within the threads (BD-i) were measured. RESULTS: No significant difference in RMT and RFA values was found between the test and the control group. Histomorphometric measurements of the BIC and the peri-implant BD-i showed no significant differences between the test and the control group after 2 or after 4 weeks. CONCLUSION: Nicotine exposure for a short period of time even in a high dose did not have a significant impact on implant osseointegration in rabbits.

AB - OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of an enhanced systematic dose of nicotine on osseointegration of titanium implants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixteen female rabbits received either nicotine (n=8) or saline (n=8) administered subcutaneously via mini-osmotic pumps for 2 months. The pump delivered 6 mug/kg/min of nicotine for the animals in the test group. Blood was withdrawn and plasma cotinine levels were measured weekly. Thirty-two titanium implants were inserted into the femur and tibia of all rabbits after 4 weeks and after 6 weeks of nicotine/placebo exposure. Thus, 2- and 4-week healing groups were created. Biomechanical evaluation by (i) resonance frequency analysis test (RFA) on all implants after insertion and before sacrifice and (ii) removal torque test (RMT) on tibial implants before sacrifice was performed. All implants placed in the femur were processed to undecalcified ground sections. The percentage of bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and of bone area within the threads (BD-i) were measured. RESULTS: No significant difference in RMT and RFA values was found between the test and the control group. Histomorphometric measurements of the BIC and the peri-implant BD-i showed no significant differences between the test and the control group after 2 or after 4 weeks. CONCLUSION: Nicotine exposure for a short period of time even in a high dose did not have a significant impact on implant osseointegration in rabbits.

U2 - 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2004.01151.x

DO - 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2004.01151.x

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 16117761

SN - 0905-7161

VL - 16

SP - 389

EP - 395

JO - Clinical Oral Implants Research

JF - Clinical Oral Implants Research

IS - 4

ER -