The effects of _L-arabinose on intestinal sucrase activity: dose-response studies in vitro and in humans

TY - JOUR

T1 - The effects of L-arabinose on intestinal sucrase activity

T2 - dose-response studies in vitro and in humans

AU - Krog-Mikkelsen, Inger

AU - Hels, Ole

AU - Tetens, Inge

AU - Holst, Jens Juul

AU - Andersen, Jens Rikardt

AU - Bukhave, Klaus

PY - 2011/8/1

Y1 - 2011/8/1

N2 - Background: On the basis of results in cell cultures, rodents, and pigs, L-arabinose may inhibit intestinal sucrase activity and thereby delay sucrose digestion. Objective: The objective was to investigate the dose-response effects of L-arabinose on intestinal sucrase activity in vitro and glucose tolerance, appetite, and energy intake in humans. Design: In vitro, Caco-2 cells were cultured for 21 d, homogenized, and used as an enzyme preparation with sucrose as substrate in concentrations from 7 to 280 mmol/L with 0.84, 1.4, and 2.8 mmol L-arabinose/L as inhibitor. Released glucose was measured after 30 min. In the human studies, 15 healthy men participated in a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. Sucrose beverages (75 g in 300 mL) supplemented with 0%, 1.3%, 2.7%, and 4% by weight of L-arabinose were tested at breakfast. Blood for the measurement of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, incretin hormones, and triacylglycerol was collected under fasting conditions and for 3 h postprandially. Postprandial appetite sensations and energy intake at lunch were registered. Results: In vitro, the addition of L-arabinose resulted in uncompetitive inhibition of sucrase activity. In the human studies, supplementation with 4% L-arabinose produced an 11% lower glucose peak, a 33% lower and delayed insulin peak, a 23% reduction in the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for insulin, a 23% lower and delayed C-peptide peak, a 9% reduction in the iAUC for C-peptide, a 53% increase in the iAUC for glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and a 28% reduction in the iAUC for glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide. No effects on triacylglycerol, gastrointestinal symptoms, appetite ratings, or energy intake were observed. Conclusions: L-Arabinose inhibits sucrase activity from Caco-2 cells; 4% L-arabinose in sucrose beverages reduces postprandial glucose, insulin, and C-peptide responses and enhances the GLP-1 response in humans without gastrointestinal adverse effects. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00302302.

AB - Background: On the basis of results in cell cultures, rodents, and pigs, L-arabinose may inhibit intestinal sucrase activity and thereby delay sucrose digestion. Objective: The objective was to investigate the dose-response effects of L-arabinose on intestinal sucrase activity in vitro and glucose tolerance, appetite, and energy intake in humans. Design: In vitro, Caco-2 cells were cultured for 21 d, homogenized, and used as an enzyme preparation with sucrose as substrate in concentrations from 7 to 280 mmol/L with 0.84, 1.4, and 2.8 mmol L-arabinose/L as inhibitor. Released glucose was measured after 30 min. In the human studies, 15 healthy men participated in a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. Sucrose beverages (75 g in 300 mL) supplemented with 0%, 1.3%, 2.7%, and 4% by weight of L-arabinose were tested at breakfast. Blood for the measurement of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, incretin hormones, and triacylglycerol was collected under fasting conditions and for 3 h postprandially. Postprandial appetite sensations and energy intake at lunch were registered. Results: In vitro, the addition of L-arabinose resulted in uncompetitive inhibition of sucrase activity. In the human studies, supplementation with 4% L-arabinose produced an 11% lower glucose peak, a 33% lower and delayed insulin peak, a 23% reduction in the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for insulin, a 23% lower and delayed C-peptide peak, a 9% reduction in the iAUC for C-peptide, a 53% increase in the iAUC for glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and a 28% reduction in the iAUC for glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide. No effects on triacylglycerol, gastrointestinal symptoms, appetite ratings, or energy intake were observed. Conclusions: L-Arabinose inhibits sucrase activity from Caco-2 cells; 4% L-arabinose in sucrose beverages reduces postprandial glucose, insulin, and C-peptide responses and enhances the GLP-1 response in humans without gastrointestinal adverse effects. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00302302.

U2 - 10.3945/ajcn.111.014225

DO - 10.3945/ajcn.111.014225

M3 - Tidsskriftartikel

C2 - 21677059

SN - 0002-9165

VL - 94

SP - 472

EP - 478

JO - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

JF - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

IS - 2

ER -