The effects of exercise-induced weight loss on appetite-related peptides and motivation to eat

TY - JOUR

T1 - The effects of exercise-induced weight loss on appetite-related peptides and motivation to eat

AU - Martins, Cecilia

AU - Kulseng, B

AU - King, N A

AU - Holst, Jens Juul

AU - Blundell, J E

PY - 2010/4/1

Y1 - 2010/4/1

N2 - Context: The magnitude of exercise-induced weight loss depends on the extent of compensatory responses. An increase in energy intake is likely to result from changes in the appetite control system toward an orexigenic environment; however, few studies have measured how exercise impacts on both orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of medium-term exercise on fasting/postprandial levels of appetite-related hormones and subjective appetite sensations in overweight/ obese individuals. Design and Setting: We conducted a longitudinal study in a university research center. Participants and Intervention: Twenty-two sedentary overweight/obese individuals (age, 36.9 ± 8.3 yr; body mass index, 31.3 ± 3.3 kg/m2) took part in a 12-wk supervised exercise programme (five times per week, 75% maximal heart rate) and were requested not to change their food intake during the study. Main Outcome Measures: We measured changes in body weight and fasting/postprandial plasma levels of glucose, insulin, total ghrelin, acylated ghrelin (AG), peptide YY, and glucagon-like peptide-1 and feelings of appetite. Results: Exercise resulted in a significant reduction in body weight and fasting insulin and an increase in AG plasma levels and fasting hunger sensations. A significant reduction in postprandial insulin plasma levels and a tendency toward an increase in the delayed release of glucagon-like peptide-1 (90-180 min) were also observed after exercise, as well as a significant increase (127%) in the suppression of AG postprandially. Conclusions: Exercise-induced weight loss is associated with physiological and biopsychological changes toward an increased drive to eat in the fasting state. However, this seems to be balanced by an improved satiety response to a meal and improved sensitivity of the appetite control system.

AB - Context: The magnitude of exercise-induced weight loss depends on the extent of compensatory responses. An increase in energy intake is likely to result from changes in the appetite control system toward an orexigenic environment; however, few studies have measured how exercise impacts on both orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of medium-term exercise on fasting/postprandial levels of appetite-related hormones and subjective appetite sensations in overweight/ obese individuals. Design and Setting: We conducted a longitudinal study in a university research center. Participants and Intervention: Twenty-two sedentary overweight/obese individuals (age, 36.9 ± 8.3 yr; body mass index, 31.3 ± 3.3 kg/m2) took part in a 12-wk supervised exercise programme (five times per week, 75% maximal heart rate) and were requested not to change their food intake during the study. Main Outcome Measures: We measured changes in body weight and fasting/postprandial plasma levels of glucose, insulin, total ghrelin, acylated ghrelin (AG), peptide YY, and glucagon-like peptide-1 and feelings of appetite. Results: Exercise resulted in a significant reduction in body weight and fasting insulin and an increase in AG plasma levels and fasting hunger sensations. A significant reduction in postprandial insulin plasma levels and a tendency toward an increase in the delayed release of glucagon-like peptide-1 (90-180 min) were also observed after exercise, as well as a significant increase (127%) in the suppression of AG postprandially. Conclusions: Exercise-induced weight loss is associated with physiological and biopsychological changes toward an increased drive to eat in the fasting state. However, this seems to be balanced by an improved satiety response to a meal and improved sensitivity of the appetite control system.

KW - Adolescent

KW - Adult

KW - Anaerobic Threshold

KW - Anthropometry

KW - Appetite

KW - Appetite Regulation

KW - Body Composition

KW - Body Mass Index

KW - Eating

KW - Exercise Therapy

KW - Feeding Behavior

KW - Female

KW - Food Habits

KW - Humans

KW - Insulin Resistance

KW - Male

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Motivation

KW - Obesity

KW - Overweight

KW - Peptide Hormones

KW - Physical Fitness

KW - Weight Loss

KW - Young Adult

U2 - 10.1210/jc.2009-2082

DO - 10.1210/jc.2009-2082

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 20150577

SN - 0021-972X

VL - 95

SP - 1609

EP - 1616

JO - Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism

JF - Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism

IS - 4

ER -