@article{82677bc63162408592052810bbfee570,
title = "Species-specific responses of Late Quaternary megafauna to climate and humans",
abstract = "Despite decades of research, the roles of climate and humans in driving the dramatic extinctions of large-bodied mammals during the Late Quaternary period remain contentious. Here we use ancient DNA, species distribution models and the human fossil record to elucidate how climate and humans shaped the demographic history of woolly rhinoceros, woolly mammoth, wild horse, reindeer, bison and musk ox. We show that climate has been a major driver of population change over the past 50,000 years. However, each species responds differently to the effects of climatic shifts, habitat redistribution and human encroachment. Although climate change alone can explain the extinction of some species, such as Eurasian musk ox and woolly rhinoceros, a combination of climatic and anthropogenic effects appears to be responsible for the extinction of others, including Eurasian steppe bison and wild horse. We find no genetic signature or any distinctive range dynamics distinguishing extinct from surviving species, emphasizing the challenges associated with predicting future responses of extant mammals to climate and human-mediated habitat change.",
keywords = "Animals, Bayes Theorem, Biota, Bison, Climate Change, DNA, Mitochondrial, Europe, Extinction, Biological, Fossils, Genetic Variation, Geography, History, Ancient, Horses, Human Activities, Humans, Mammals, Mammoths, Molecular Sequence Data, Population Dynamics, Reindeer, Siberia, Species Specificity, Time Factors",
author = "Eline Lorenzen and Nogues, {David Bravo} and Orlando, {Ludovic Antoine Alexandre} and {Weinstock Arenovitz}, Jacobo and Binladen, {Jonas Khalid Mohamed Awad} and Marske, {Katharine Ann} and Andrew Ugan and Borregaard, {Michael Krabbe} and Gilbert, {M. Thomas P.} and Rasmus Nielsen and Ho, {Simon Y. W.} and Ted Goebel and Graf, {Kelly E.} and David Byers and Jesper Stenderup and Morten Rasmussen and Paula Campos and Leonard, {Jennifer A.} and Klaus-Peter Koepfli and Duane Froese and Grant Zazula and {Stafford jr.}, Thomas and Kim Aaris-S{\o}rensen and Persaram Batra and Haywood, {Alan M.} and Singarayer, {Joy S.} and Valdes, {Paul J.} and Gennady Boeskorov and Burns, {James A.} and Davydov, {Sergey P.} and Haile, {James Seymour} and Jenkins, {Dennis L.} and Pavel Kosintsev and Tatyana Kuznetsova and Xulong Lai and Martin, {Larry D.} and McDonald, {H. Gregory} and Dick Mol and Morten Meldgaard and Kasper Munch and Elisabeth Stephan and Mikhail Sablin and Sommer, {Robert S.} and Taras Sipko and Eric Scott and Suchard, {Marc A.} and Alexei Tikhonov and Rane Willerslev and Wayne, {Robert K.} and Alan Cooper and Michael Hofreiter and Andrei Sher and Beth Shapiro and Carsten Rahbek and Eske Willerslev",
note = "{\textcopyright} 2011 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved",
year = "2011",
month = nov,
day = "17",
doi = "10.1038/nature10574",
language = "English",
volume = "479",
pages = "359--364",
journal = "Nature",
issn = "0028-0836",
publisher = "nature publishing group",
number = "7373",
}
