TY - JOUR
T1 - Risk Factors for Incident and Redetected Chlamydia trachomatis Infection in Women
T2 - Results of a Population-Based Cohort Study
AU - Harder, Elise
AU - Thomsen, Louise T
AU - Frederiksen, Kirsten
AU - Munk, Christian
AU - Iftner, Thomas
AU - van den Brule, Adriaan
AU - Kjær, Susanne Krüger
PY - 2016/2/1
Y1 - 2016/2/1
N2 - OBJECTIVES: To investigate risk factors for incident and redetected Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection in women, including the role of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV).METHODS: In this population-based, prospective cohort study conducted in Copenhagen, Denmark, 10,729 women aged 20 to 29 years were tested for CT and HPV DNA and provided information on sexual and health behavior at baseline. Of these, 7998 (74.5%) participated in a follow-up visit 2 years later with identical data collection. We used logistic regression to investigate risk factors for incident and redetected CT infection at follow-up.RESULTS: Among CT DNA negative women at baseline (n = 7529), 106 (1.4%) were CT DNA positive at follow-up (incident infection). Increasing number of sexual partners during follow-up (odds ratio [OR], 1.07 per partner; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-1.11), low educational level (OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.11-2.56; for basic education vs. high school or higher), and high-risk HPV positivity at baseline (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.06-2.58) were risk factors for incident infection, whereas older age (OR, 0.86 per year increase; 95% CI, 0.80-0.93) and condom use (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.38-0.94) were associated with reduced risk. Among CT DNA positive women at baseline (n = 469), 108 (23.0%) tested positive at follow-up (redetected infection). We found no statistically significant associations between age, educational level, sexual behavior, smoking, or high-risk HPV status and the risk for redetected CT.CONCLUSION: Young age, low educational level, high number of sexual partners, failure to use condoms, and high-risk HPV positivity are associated with increased risk for incident CT infection. These findings may guide the development of targeted CT prevention strategies, including screening and information campaigns.
AB - OBJECTIVES: To investigate risk factors for incident and redetected Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection in women, including the role of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV).METHODS: In this population-based, prospective cohort study conducted in Copenhagen, Denmark, 10,729 women aged 20 to 29 years were tested for CT and HPV DNA and provided information on sexual and health behavior at baseline. Of these, 7998 (74.5%) participated in a follow-up visit 2 years later with identical data collection. We used logistic regression to investigate risk factors for incident and redetected CT infection at follow-up.RESULTS: Among CT DNA negative women at baseline (n = 7529), 106 (1.4%) were CT DNA positive at follow-up (incident infection). Increasing number of sexual partners during follow-up (odds ratio [OR], 1.07 per partner; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-1.11), low educational level (OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.11-2.56; for basic education vs. high school or higher), and high-risk HPV positivity at baseline (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.06-2.58) were risk factors for incident infection, whereas older age (OR, 0.86 per year increase; 95% CI, 0.80-0.93) and condom use (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.38-0.94) were associated with reduced risk. Among CT DNA positive women at baseline (n = 469), 108 (23.0%) tested positive at follow-up (redetected infection). We found no statistically significant associations between age, educational level, sexual behavior, smoking, or high-risk HPV status and the risk for redetected CT.CONCLUSION: Young age, low educational level, high number of sexual partners, failure to use condoms, and high-risk HPV positivity are associated with increased risk for incident CT infection. These findings may guide the development of targeted CT prevention strategies, including screening and information campaigns.
KW - Adult
KW - Chlamydia Infections
KW - Chlamydia trachomatis
KW - Cohort Studies
KW - Condoms
KW - Denmark
KW - Female
KW - Follow-Up Studies
KW - Humans
KW - Logistic Models
KW - Papillomaviridae
KW - Papillomavirus Infections
KW - Prospective Studies
KW - Risk Factors
KW - Sexual Behavior
KW - Sexual Partners
KW - Young Adult
KW - Journal Article
KW - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
U2 - 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000394
DO - 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000394
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 26760181
SN - 0148-5717
VL - 43
SP - 113
EP - 119
JO - Sexually Transmitted Diseases
JF - Sexually Transmitted Diseases
IS - 2
ER -
