TY - JOUR
T1 - Rho GTPases and Nox dependent ROS production in skin. Is there a connection?
AU - Stanley, Alanna
AU - Hynes, Ailish
AU - Brakebusch, Cord Herbert
AU - Quondamatteo, Fabio
PY - 2012/11
Y1 - 2012/11
N2 - Rho GTPases are a family of small GTP binding proteins most commonly known for the regulation of many cellular processes, including actin cytoskeleton re-organisation, cell proliferation, signal transduction and regulation of apoptosis. Additionally, a link between Rho GTPases and reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been shown. In line with the growing interest in the role of ROS in cell biology, the relevance of this connection is becoming increasingly clearer. ROS production is classically associated with oxidative metabolic pathways (e.g. respiratory chain, arachidonic acid). During these metabolic pathways, ROS are produced as by-products and these can be potentially toxic. However, numerous cell types contain dedicated enzymatic complexes, i.e., NADPH oxidase (Nox) complexes, for regulated production of ROS. This regulated production of ROS seems to be important for a number of fundamental cell biological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis, aimed at maintaining tissue homeostasis. Data suggests that skin cells are capable of a regulated ROS production via Nox complexes. Members of the Rho GTPase family have been found to play a central regulatory role in Nox activity. In the present review we will focus on the involvement of Rho GTPases in regulated production of ROS with special emphasis on the skin. We will also discuss the possibility that some in vivo effects of the deletion of members of the Rho GTPase family in skin cells could potentially be linked to a reduced ability of regulated ROS production.
AB - Rho GTPases are a family of small GTP binding proteins most commonly known for the regulation of many cellular processes, including actin cytoskeleton re-organisation, cell proliferation, signal transduction and regulation of apoptosis. Additionally, a link between Rho GTPases and reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been shown. In line with the growing interest in the role of ROS in cell biology, the relevance of this connection is becoming increasingly clearer. ROS production is classically associated with oxidative metabolic pathways (e.g. respiratory chain, arachidonic acid). During these metabolic pathways, ROS are produced as by-products and these can be potentially toxic. However, numerous cell types contain dedicated enzymatic complexes, i.e., NADPH oxidase (Nox) complexes, for regulated production of ROS. This regulated production of ROS seems to be important for a number of fundamental cell biological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis, aimed at maintaining tissue homeostasis. Data suggests that skin cells are capable of a regulated ROS production via Nox complexes. Members of the Rho GTPase family have been found to play a central regulatory role in Nox activity. In the present review we will focus on the involvement of Rho GTPases in regulated production of ROS with special emphasis on the skin. We will also discuss the possibility that some in vivo effects of the deletion of members of the Rho GTPase family in skin cells could potentially be linked to a reduced ability of regulated ROS production.
KW - Animals
KW - Humans
KW - NADPH Oxidase
KW - Reactive Oxygen Species
KW - Signal Transduction
KW - Skin
KW - rho GTP-Binding Proteins
M3 - Review
C2 - 23018239
SN - 0213-3911
VL - 27
SP - 1395
EP - 1406
JO - Histology and Histopathology
JF - Histology and Histopathology
IS - 11
ER -