TY - JOUR
T1 - Proteins with calmodulin-like domains
T2 - structures and functional roles
AU - Villalobo, Antonio
AU - González-Muñoz, María
AU - Berchtold, Martin W.
PY - 2019/6/1
Y1 - 2019/6/1
N2 -
The appearance of modular proteins is a widespread phenomenon during the evolution of proteins. The combinatorial arrangement of different functional and/or structural domains within a single polypeptide chain yields a wide variety of activities and regulatory properties to the modular proteins. In this review, we will discuss proteins, that in addition to their catalytic, transport, structure, localization or adaptor functions, also have segments resembling the helix-loop-helix EF-hand motifs found in Ca
2+
-binding proteins, such as calmodulin (CaM). These segments are denoted CaM-like domains (CaM-LDs) and play a regulatory role, making these CaM-like proteins sensitive to Ca
2+
transients within the cell, and hence are able to transduce the Ca
2+
signal leading to specific cellular responses. Importantly, this arrangement allows to this group of proteins direct regulation independent of other Ca
2+
-sensitive sensor/transducer proteins, such as CaM. In addition, this review also covers CaM-binding proteins, in which their CaM-binding site (CBS), in the absence of CaM, is proposed to interact with other segments of the same protein denoted CaM-like binding site (CLBS). CLBS are important regulatory motifs, acting either by keeping these CaM-binding proteins inactive in the absence of CaM, enhancing the stability of protein complexes and/or facilitating their dimerization via CBS/CLBS interaction. The existence of proteins containing CaM-LDs or CLBSs substantially adds to the enormous versatility and complexity of Ca
2+
/CaM signaling.
AB -
The appearance of modular proteins is a widespread phenomenon during the evolution of proteins. The combinatorial arrangement of different functional and/or structural domains within a single polypeptide chain yields a wide variety of activities and regulatory properties to the modular proteins. In this review, we will discuss proteins, that in addition to their catalytic, transport, structure, localization or adaptor functions, also have segments resembling the helix-loop-helix EF-hand motifs found in Ca
2+
-binding proteins, such as calmodulin (CaM). These segments are denoted CaM-like domains (CaM-LDs) and play a regulatory role, making these CaM-like proteins sensitive to Ca
2+
transients within the cell, and hence are able to transduce the Ca
2+
signal leading to specific cellular responses. Importantly, this arrangement allows to this group of proteins direct regulation independent of other Ca
2+
-sensitive sensor/transducer proteins, such as CaM. In addition, this review also covers CaM-binding proteins, in which their CaM-binding site (CBS), in the absence of CaM, is proposed to interact with other segments of the same protein denoted CaM-like binding site (CLBS). CLBS are important regulatory motifs, acting either by keeping these CaM-binding proteins inactive in the absence of CaM, enhancing the stability of protein complexes and/or facilitating their dimerization via CBS/CLBS interaction. The existence of proteins containing CaM-LDs or CLBSs substantially adds to the enormous versatility and complexity of Ca
2+
/CaM signaling.
KW - Calcineurin
KW - Calpain
KW - Epidermal growth factor receptor
KW - Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
KW - Na /H exchanger
KW - NADPH oxidases
KW - Plasma membrane Ca -ATPase
KW - Protein kinases
KW - α-Actinin
U2 - 10.1007/s00018-019-03062-z
DO - 10.1007/s00018-019-03062-z
M3 - Review
C2 - 30877334
AN - SCOPUS:85062998221
SN - 1023-294X
VL - 76
SP - 2299
EP - 2328
JO - EXS
JF - EXS
IS - 12
ER -