Plasma Concentrations of Long Chain N-3 Fatty Acids in Early and Mid-Pregnancy and Risk of Early Preterm Birth

S. F. Olsen; T. I. Halldorsson; A. L. Thorne-Lyman; M. Strøm; S. Gørtz; C. Granstrøm; P. H. Nielsen; J. Wohlfahrt; J. A. Lykke; J. Langhoff-Roos; A. S. Cohen; J. D. Furtado; E. L. Giovannucci; W. Zhou

doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.07.009

Plasma Concentrations of Long Chain N-3 Fatty Acids in Early and Mid-Pregnancy and Risk of Early Preterm Birth

S. F. Olsen^*, T. I. Halldorsson, A. L. Thorne-Lyman, M. Strøm, S. Gørtz, C. Granstrøm, P. H. Nielsen, J. Wohlfahrt, J. A. Lykke, J. Langhoff-Roos, A. S. Cohen, J. D. Furtado, E. L. Giovannucci, W. Zhou

^*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

Institut for Klinisk Medicin

27 Citationer (Scopus)

28 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Background: Fish oil supplementation has been shown to delay spontaneous delivery, but the levels and clinical significance remain uncertain. We examined the association between plasma fatty acids quantified in pregnancy and subsequent risk of early preterm birth. Methods: In a case-control design nested in the Danish National Birth Cohort, we identified 376 early preterm cases (<34 gestational weeks, excluding preeclampsia cases) and 348 random controls. Plasma eicosapentaenoic acid plus docosahexaenoic acid (EPA+DHA% of total fatty acids), were measured twice in pregnancy, at gestation weeks 9 and 25 (medians). Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI's) for associations between EPA+DHA and early preterm risk were estimated by logistic regression, adjusted for the woman's age, height, pre-pregnancy BMI, parity, smoking, and socioeconomic factors. Hypotheses and analytical plan were defined and archived a priori. Findings: Analysis using restricted cubic splines of the mean of 1st and 2nd sample measurements showed a strong and significant non-linear association (p < 0.0001) in which the risk of early preterm birth steeply increased when EPA+DHA concentrations were lower than 2% and flattened out at higher levels. Women in the lowest quintile (EPA+DHA < 1.6%) had 10.27 times (95% confidence interval 6.80–15.79, p < 0.0001) increased risk, and women in the second lowest quintile had 2.86 (95% CI 1.79–4.59, p < 0.0001) times increased risk, when compared to women in the three aggregated highest quintiles (EPA+DHA ≥ 1.8%). Interpretation: Low plasma concentration of EPA and DHA during pregnancy is a strong risk factor for subsequent early preterm birth in Danish women.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Tidsskrift	EBioMedicine
Vol/bind	35
Sider (fra-til)	325-333
ISSN	2352-3964
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.07.009
Status	Udgivet - 2018

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10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.07.009Licens: CC BY-NC-ND

Plasma Concentrations of Long Chain N-3 Fatty Acids in Early and Mid-Pregnancy and Risk of Early Preterm BirthForlagets udgivne version, 701 KBLicens: CC BY-NC-ND

Citationsformater

Olsen, S. F., Halldorsson, T. I., Thorne-Lyman, A. L., Strøm, M., Gørtz, S., Granstrøm, C., Nielsen, P. H., Wohlfahrt, J., Lykke, J. A., Langhoff-Roos, J., Cohen, A. S., Furtado, J. D., Giovannucci, E. L., & Zhou, W. (2018). Plasma Concentrations of Long Chain N-3 Fatty Acids in Early and Mid-Pregnancy and Risk of Early Preterm Birth. EBioMedicine, 35, 325-333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.07.009

Olsen, SF, Halldorsson, TI, Thorne-Lyman, AL, Strøm, M, Gørtz, S, Granstrøm, C, Nielsen, PH, Wohlfahrt, J, Lykke, JA, Langhoff-Roos, J, Cohen, AS, Furtado, JD, Giovannucci, EL & Zhou, W 2018, 'Plasma Concentrations of Long Chain N-3 Fatty Acids in Early and Mid-Pregnancy and Risk of Early Preterm Birth', EBioMedicine, bind 35, s. 325-333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.07.009

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title = "Plasma Concentrations of Long Chain N-3 Fatty Acids in Early and Mid-Pregnancy and Risk of Early Preterm Birth",

abstract = "Background: Fish oil supplementation has been shown to delay spontaneous delivery, but the levels and clinical significance remain uncertain. We examined the association between plasma fatty acids quantified in pregnancy and subsequent risk of early preterm birth. Methods: In a case-control design nested in the Danish National Birth Cohort, we identified 376 early preterm cases (<34 gestational weeks, excluding preeclampsia cases) and 348 random controls. Plasma eicosapentaenoic acid plus docosahexaenoic acid (EPA+DHA% of total fatty acids), were measured twice in pregnancy, at gestation weeks 9 and 25 (medians). Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI's) for associations between EPA+DHA and early preterm risk were estimated by logistic regression, adjusted for the woman's age, height, pre-pregnancy BMI, parity, smoking, and socioeconomic factors. Hypotheses and analytical plan were defined and archived a priori. Findings: Analysis using restricted cubic splines of the mean of 1st and 2nd sample measurements showed a strong and significant non-linear association (p < 0.0001) in which the risk of early preterm birth steeply increased when EPA+DHA concentrations were lower than 2% and flattened out at higher levels. Women in the lowest quintile (EPA+DHA < 1.6%) had 10.27 times (95% confidence interval 6.80–15.79, p < 0.0001) increased risk, and women in the second lowest quintile had 2.86 (95% CI 1.79–4.59, p < 0.0001) times increased risk, when compared to women in the three aggregated highest quintiles (EPA+DHA ≥ 1.8%). Interpretation: Low plasma concentration of EPA and DHA during pregnancy is a strong risk factor for subsequent early preterm birth in Danish women.",

keywords = "Biomarkers, Danish National Birth Cohort, Early preterm birth, Long chained n-3 fatty acids, Prospective study",

author = "Olsen, {S. F.} and Halldorsson, {T. I.} and Thorne-Lyman, {A. L.} and M. Str{\o}m and S. G{\o}rtz and C. Granstr{\o}m and Nielsen, {P. H.} and J. Wohlfahrt and Lykke, {J. A.} and J. Langhoff-Roos and Cohen, {A. S.} and Furtado, {J. D.} and Giovannucci, {E. L.} and W. Zhou",

year = "2018",

doi = "10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.07.009",

language = "English",

volume = "35",

pages = "325--333",

journal = "EBioMedicine",

issn = "2352-3964",

publisher = "Elsevier",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Plasma Concentrations of Long Chain N-3 Fatty Acids in Early and Mid-Pregnancy and Risk of Early Preterm Birth

AU - Olsen, S. F.

AU - Halldorsson, T. I.

AU - Thorne-Lyman, A. L.

AU - Strøm, M.

AU - Gørtz, S.

AU - Granstrøm, C.

AU - Nielsen, P. H.

AU - Wohlfahrt, J.

AU - Lykke, J. A.

AU - Langhoff-Roos, J.

AU - Cohen, A. S.

AU - Furtado, J. D.

AU - Giovannucci, E. L.

AU - Zhou, W.

PY - 2018

Y1 - 2018

N2 - Background: Fish oil supplementation has been shown to delay spontaneous delivery, but the levels and clinical significance remain uncertain. We examined the association between plasma fatty acids quantified in pregnancy and subsequent risk of early preterm birth. Methods: In a case-control design nested in the Danish National Birth Cohort, we identified 376 early preterm cases (<34 gestational weeks, excluding preeclampsia cases) and 348 random controls. Plasma eicosapentaenoic acid plus docosahexaenoic acid (EPA+DHA% of total fatty acids), were measured twice in pregnancy, at gestation weeks 9 and 25 (medians). Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI's) for associations between EPA+DHA and early preterm risk were estimated by logistic regression, adjusted for the woman's age, height, pre-pregnancy BMI, parity, smoking, and socioeconomic factors. Hypotheses and analytical plan were defined and archived a priori. Findings: Analysis using restricted cubic splines of the mean of 1st and 2nd sample measurements showed a strong and significant non-linear association (p < 0.0001) in which the risk of early preterm birth steeply increased when EPA+DHA concentrations were lower than 2% and flattened out at higher levels. Women in the lowest quintile (EPA+DHA < 1.6%) had 10.27 times (95% confidence interval 6.80–15.79, p < 0.0001) increased risk, and women in the second lowest quintile had 2.86 (95% CI 1.79–4.59, p < 0.0001) times increased risk, when compared to women in the three aggregated highest quintiles (EPA+DHA ≥ 1.8%). Interpretation: Low plasma concentration of EPA and DHA during pregnancy is a strong risk factor for subsequent early preterm birth in Danish women.

AB - Background: Fish oil supplementation has been shown to delay spontaneous delivery, but the levels and clinical significance remain uncertain. We examined the association between plasma fatty acids quantified in pregnancy and subsequent risk of early preterm birth. Methods: In a case-control design nested in the Danish National Birth Cohort, we identified 376 early preterm cases (<34 gestational weeks, excluding preeclampsia cases) and 348 random controls. Plasma eicosapentaenoic acid plus docosahexaenoic acid (EPA+DHA% of total fatty acids), were measured twice in pregnancy, at gestation weeks 9 and 25 (medians). Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI's) for associations between EPA+DHA and early preterm risk were estimated by logistic regression, adjusted for the woman's age, height, pre-pregnancy BMI, parity, smoking, and socioeconomic factors. Hypotheses and analytical plan were defined and archived a priori. Findings: Analysis using restricted cubic splines of the mean of 1st and 2nd sample measurements showed a strong and significant non-linear association (p < 0.0001) in which the risk of early preterm birth steeply increased when EPA+DHA concentrations were lower than 2% and flattened out at higher levels. Women in the lowest quintile (EPA+DHA < 1.6%) had 10.27 times (95% confidence interval 6.80–15.79, p < 0.0001) increased risk, and women in the second lowest quintile had 2.86 (95% CI 1.79–4.59, p < 0.0001) times increased risk, when compared to women in the three aggregated highest quintiles (EPA+DHA ≥ 1.8%). Interpretation: Low plasma concentration of EPA and DHA during pregnancy is a strong risk factor for subsequent early preterm birth in Danish women.

KW - Biomarkers

KW - Danish National Birth Cohort

KW - Early preterm birth

KW - Long chained n-3 fatty acids

KW - Prospective study

U2 - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.07.009

DO - 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.07.009

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 30082226

AN - SCOPUS:85055057554

SN - 2352-3964

VL - 35

SP - 325

EP - 333

JO - EBioMedicine

JF - EBioMedicine

ER -

Plasma Concentrations of Long Chain N-3 Fatty Acids in Early and Mid-Pregnancy and Risk of Early Preterm Birth

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