Physiological and anatomical dissection for snorkeling in rice

TY - ABST

T1 - Physiological and anatomical dissection for snorkeling in rice

AU - Mori, Yoshinao

AU - Yin, Yong-Gin

AU - Suzui, Nobuo

AU - Colmer, Timothy D.

AU - Ashikari, Motoyuki

AU - Kawachi, Naoki

AU - Pedersen, Ole

AU - Nagai, Keisuke

PY - 2019/6/2

Y1 - 2019/6/2

N2 - Flooding is an abiotic stress which has adverse impacts on plants because it impairs breath. The diffusion rates of dissolved gases are about 104-fold slower than gases in the air, so that submerged organ can become low in O2 restricting respiration. In addition, restricted access to CO2 can also limit photosynthesis of submerged leaves. As climate change is predicted to result in more increased rain and floods in the world, it is essential to understand the adaptation mechanism of the plant to the flooded environment for further sustainable crop production. Rice, which is the major staple crop grown in waterlogged soil, adapted to flooding environment. Therefore, to understand the flood tolerance of crop, we dissected the physiological and anatomical features of rice as a role model on continuously growing in the paddy field. Physiological analysis of O2 dynamics using O2 optode in rice imposed to various flood regimes revealed that the emergence of leaves from underwater prevented the nighttime severehypoxia during submergence. In addition, nighttime gene expressions dynamics related to anaerobic metabolism were highly induced in the completely submerged plant than the partially submerged plant, which maintained the contact with the air. Moreover, anatomical analysis of rice morphology by theconfocal laser microscope showed that rice forms connected hollow tissues/organs over whole plant body including leaf blade, leaf sheath, stem, and root, for translocation of gas taken from leaves above underwater to the submerged organ. These series of results indicated the gas translocation via thesnorkeling function of hollow tissues/organs connected over whole plant body maintains the physiological activity of submerged rice, therefore rice is able to continuously grow in a flooded environment.

AB - Flooding is an abiotic stress which has adverse impacts on plants because it impairs breath. The diffusion rates of dissolved gases are about 104-fold slower than gases in the air, so that submerged organ can become low in O2 restricting respiration. In addition, restricted access to CO2 can also limit photosynthesis of submerged leaves. As climate change is predicted to result in more increased rain and floods in the world, it is essential to understand the adaptation mechanism of the plant to the flooded environment for further sustainable crop production. Rice, which is the major staple crop grown in waterlogged soil, adapted to flooding environment. Therefore, to understand the flood tolerance of crop, we dissected the physiological and anatomical features of rice as a role model on continuously growing in the paddy field. Physiological analysis of O2 dynamics using O2 optode in rice imposed to various flood regimes revealed that the emergence of leaves from underwater prevented the nighttime severehypoxia during submergence. In addition, nighttime gene expressions dynamics related to anaerobic metabolism were highly induced in the completely submerged plant than the partially submerged plant, which maintained the contact with the air. Moreover, anatomical analysis of rice morphology by theconfocal laser microscope showed that rice forms connected hollow tissues/organs over whole plant body including leaf blade, leaf sheath, stem, and root, for translocation of gas taken from leaves above underwater to the submerged organ. These series of results indicated the gas translocation via thesnorkeling function of hollow tissues/organs connected over whole plant body maintains the physiological activity of submerged rice, therefore rice is able to continuously grow in a flooded environment.

M3 - Conference abstract for conference

T2 - 2019 ISPA Conference

Y2 - 2 June 2019 through 5 June 2019

ER -