Oral health status in historic population: Macroscopic and metagenomic evidence

Claire Willmann; Xavier Mata; Kristian Hanghoej; Laure Tonasso; Lenka Tisseyre; Céline Jeziorski; Elodie Cabot; Pierre Chevet; Eric Crubézy; Ludovic Orlando; Rémi Esclassan; Catherine Thèves; David Caramelli

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0196482

Oral health status in historic population: Macroscopic and metagenomic evidence

Claire Willmann, Xavier Mata, Kristian Hanghoej, Laure Tonasso, Lenka Tisseyre, Céline Jeziorski, Elodie Cabot, Pierre Chevet, Eric Crubézy, Ludovic Orlando, Rémi Esclassan, Catherine Thèves, David Caramelli

Bioinformatik og RNA Biologi

7 Citationer (Scopus)

55 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Recent developments in High-Throughput DNA sequencing (HTS) technologies and ancient DNA (aDNA) research have opened access to the characterization of the microbial communities within past populations. Most studies have, however, relied on the analysis of dental calculus as one particular material type particularly prone to the molecular preservation of ancient microbial biofilms and potential of entire teeth for microbial characterization, both of healthy communities and pathogens in ancient individuals, remains overlooked. In this study, we used shotgun sequencing to characterize the bacterial composition from historical subjects showing macroscopic evidence of oral pathologies. We first carried out a macroscopic analysis aimed at identifying carious or periodontal diseases in subjects belonging to a French rural population of the 18th century AD. We next examined radiographically six subjects showing specific, characteristic dental pathologies and applied HTS shotgun sequencing to characterize the microbial communities present in and on the dental material. The presence of Streptococcus mutans and also Rothia dentocariosa, Actinomyces viscosus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus, Olsenella uli and Parvimonas micra was confirmed through the presence of typical signatures of post-mortem DNA damage at an average depth-of-coverage ranging from 0.5 to 7X, with a minimum of 35% (from 35 to 93%) of the positions in the genome covered at least once. Each sampled tooth showed a specific bacterial signature associated with carious or periodontal pathologies. This work demonstrates that from a healthy independent tooth, without visible macroscopic pathology, we can identify a signature of specific pathogens and deduce the oral health status of an individual.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Artikelnummer	e0196482
Tidsskrift	PLOS ONE
Vol/bind	13
Udgave nummer	5
Antal sider	18
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196482
Status	Udgivet - maj 2018

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10.1371/journal.pone.0196482Licens: CC BY

journal.pone.0196482Forlagets udgivne version, 12,3 MBLicens: CC BY

Citationsformater

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AU - Chevet, Pierre

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Oral health status in historic population: Macroscopic and metagenomic evidence

Abstract

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