TY - JOUR
T1 - Novel porcine model of implant-associated osteomyelitis
T2 - A comprehensive analysis of local, regional, and systemic response
AU - Jensen, Louise Kruse
AU - Koch, Janne
AU - Dich-Jørgensen, Kristine
AU - Aalbaek, Bent
AU - Petersen, Andreas
AU - Fuursted, Kurt
AU - Bjarnsholt, Thomas
AU - Kragh, Kasper Nørskov
AU - Tøtterup, Mikkel
AU - Bue, Mats
AU - Hanberg, Pelle
AU - Søballe, Kjeld
AU - Heegaard, Peter M H
AU - Jensen, Henrik Elvang
N1 - © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PY - 2017/10
Y1 - 2017/10
N2 - Pigs are favorable experimental animals for infectious diseases in humans. However, implant-associated osteomyelitis (IAO) models in pigs have only been evaluated using high-inoculum infection (>108 CFU) models in 1975 and 1993. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to present a new low inoculum porcine model of human IAO based on 42 experimental pigs. The model was created by drilling an implant cavity in the tibial bone followed by insertion of a small steel implant and simultaneous inoculation of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (n = 32) or saline (n = 10). The infected pigs were either inoculated with 104 CFU (n = 26) or 102 and 103 CFU (n = 6). All animals were euthanized 5 days after insertion of implants. Pigs receiving the high-inoculum infections showed a significantly higher volume of bone lesion, number of neutrophils around the implant, concentrations of acute phase proteins in serum, and enlargement of regional lymph nodes. A positive correlation was present between a high number of surrounding neutrophils and high values of all other parameters. Furthermore, a threshold of 40 neutrophils per 10 high power fields for the histopathological diagnosis of high grade IAO was defined. In conclusion: This paper describes a novel low-inoculum S. aureus porcine model of IAO which was demonstrated to be reliable, reproducible and discriminative to human IAO, and represents a requested and valuable tool in orthopedic research.
AB - Pigs are favorable experimental animals for infectious diseases in humans. However, implant-associated osteomyelitis (IAO) models in pigs have only been evaluated using high-inoculum infection (>108 CFU) models in 1975 and 1993. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to present a new low inoculum porcine model of human IAO based on 42 experimental pigs. The model was created by drilling an implant cavity in the tibial bone followed by insertion of a small steel implant and simultaneous inoculation of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (n = 32) or saline (n = 10). The infected pigs were either inoculated with 104 CFU (n = 26) or 102 and 103 CFU (n = 6). All animals were euthanized 5 days after insertion of implants. Pigs receiving the high-inoculum infections showed a significantly higher volume of bone lesion, number of neutrophils around the implant, concentrations of acute phase proteins in serum, and enlargement of regional lymph nodes. A positive correlation was present between a high number of surrounding neutrophils and high values of all other parameters. Furthermore, a threshold of 40 neutrophils per 10 high power fields for the histopathological diagnosis of high grade IAO was defined. In conclusion: This paper describes a novel low-inoculum S. aureus porcine model of IAO which was demonstrated to be reliable, reproducible and discriminative to human IAO, and represents a requested and valuable tool in orthopedic research.
U2 - 10.1002/jor.23505
DO - 10.1002/jor.23505
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 27958656
SN - 0736-0266
VL - 35
SP - 2211
EP - 2221
JO - Journal of Orthopaedic Research
JF - Journal of Orthopaedic Research
IS - 10
ER -
