Non-falciparum malaria infections in pregnant women in West Africa

John Williams; Fanta Njie; Matthew Cairns; Kalifa Bojang; Sheick Oumar Coulibaly; Kassoum Kayentao; Ismaela Abubakar; Francis Akor; Khalifa Mohammed; Richard Bationo; Edgar Dabira; Alamissa Soulama; Moussa Djimdé; Etienne Guirou; Timothy Awine; Stephen L Quaye; Jaume Ordi; Ogobara Doumbo; Abraham Hodgson; Abraham Oduro; Pascal Magnussen; Feiko O Ter Kuile; Arouna Woukeu; Paul Milligan; Harry Tagbor; Brian Greenwood; Daniel Chandramohan

doi:10.1186/s12936-016-1092-1

Non-falciparum malaria infections in pregnant women in West Africa

John Williams, Fanta Njie, Matthew Cairns, Kalifa Bojang, Sheick Oumar Coulibaly, Kassoum Kayentao, Ismaela Abubakar, Francis Akor, Khalifa Mohammed, Richard Bationo, Edgar Dabira, Alamissa Soulama, Moussa Djimdé, Etienne Guirou, Timothy Awine, Stephen L Quaye, Jaume Ordi, Ogobara Doumbo, Abraham Hodgson, Abraham OduroPascal Magnussen, Feiko O Ter Kuile, Arouna Woukeu, Paul Milligan, Harry Tagbor, Brian Greenwood, Daniel Chandramohan

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Non-Plasmodium falciparum malaria infections are found in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa but little is known about their importance in pregnancy.

METHODS: Blood samples were collected at first antenatal clinic attendance from 2526 women enrolled in a trial of intermittent screening and treatment of malaria in pregnancy (ISTp) versus intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) conducted in Burkina Faso, The Gambia, Ghana and Mali. DNA was extracted from blood spots and tested for P. falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale using a nested PCR test. Risk factors for a non-falciparum malaria infection were investigated and the influence of these infections on the outcome of pregnancy was determined.

RESULTS: P. falciparum infection was detected frequently (overall prevalence by PCR: 38.8 %, [95 % CI 37.0, 40.8]), with a prevalence ranging from 10.8 % in The Gambia to 56.1 % in Ghana. Non-falciparum malaria infections were found only rarely (overall prevalence 1.39 % [95 % CI 1.00, 1.92]), ranging from 0.17 % in the Gambia to 3.81 % in Mali. Ten non-falciparum mono-infections and 25 mixed falciparum and non-falciparum infections were found. P. malariae was the most frequent non-falciparum infection identified; P. vivax was detected only in Mali. Only four of the non-falciparum mono-infections were detected by microscopy or rapid diagnostic test. Recruitment during the late rainy season and low socio-economic status were associated with an increased risk of non-falciparum malaria as well as falciparum malaria. The outcome of pregnancy did not differ between women with a non-falciparum malaria infection and those who were not infected with malaria at first ANC attendance.

CONCLUSIONS: Non-falciparum infections were infrequent in the populations studied, rarely detected when present as a mono-infection and unlikely to have had an important impact on the outcome of pregnancy in the communities studied due to the small number of women infected with non-falciparum parasites.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Artikelnummer	53
Tidsskrift	Malaria Journal
Vol/bind	15
Udgave nummer	1
ISSN	1475-2875
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1092-1
Status	Udgivet - 29 jan. 2016

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Williams, J., Njie, F., Cairns, M., Bojang, K., Coulibaly, S. O., Kayentao, K., Abubakar, I., Akor, F., Mohammed, K., Bationo, R., Dabira, E., Soulama, A., Djimdé, M., Guirou, E., Awine, T., Quaye, S. L., Ordi, J., Doumbo, O., Hodgson, A., ... Chandramohan, D. (2016). Non-falciparum malaria infections in pregnant women in West Africa. Malaria Journal, 15(1), [53]. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1092-1

Williams, J, Njie, F, Cairns, M, Bojang, K, Coulibaly, SO, Kayentao, K, Abubakar, I, Akor, F, Mohammed, K, Bationo, R, Dabira, E, Soulama, A, Djimdé, M, Guirou, E, Awine, T, Quaye, SL, Ordi, J, Doumbo, O, Hodgson, A, Oduro, A, Magnussen, P, Ter Kuile, FO, Woukeu, A, Milligan, P, Tagbor, H, Greenwood, B & Chandramohan, D 2016, 'Non-falciparum malaria infections in pregnant women in West Africa', Malaria Journal, bind 15, nr. 1, 53. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1092-1

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title = "Non-falciparum malaria infections in pregnant women in West Africa",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Non-Plasmodium falciparum malaria infections are found in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa but little is known about their importance in pregnancy.METHODS: Blood samples were collected at first antenatal clinic attendance from 2526 women enrolled in a trial of intermittent screening and treatment of malaria in pregnancy (ISTp) versus intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) conducted in Burkina Faso, The Gambia, Ghana and Mali. DNA was extracted from blood spots and tested for P. falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale using a nested PCR test. Risk factors for a non-falciparum malaria infection were investigated and the influence of these infections on the outcome of pregnancy was determined.RESULTS: P. falciparum infection was detected frequently (overall prevalence by PCR: 38.8 %, [95 % CI 37.0, 40.8]), with a prevalence ranging from 10.8 % in The Gambia to 56.1 % in Ghana. Non-falciparum malaria infections were found only rarely (overall prevalence 1.39 % [95 % CI 1.00, 1.92]), ranging from 0.17 % in the Gambia to 3.81 % in Mali. Ten non-falciparum mono-infections and 25 mixed falciparum and non-falciparum infections were found. P. malariae was the most frequent non-falciparum infection identified; P. vivax was detected only in Mali. Only four of the non-falciparum mono-infections were detected by microscopy or rapid diagnostic test. Recruitment during the late rainy season and low socio-economic status were associated with an increased risk of non-falciparum malaria as well as falciparum malaria. The outcome of pregnancy did not differ between women with a non-falciparum malaria infection and those who were not infected with malaria at first ANC attendance.CONCLUSIONS: Non-falciparum infections were infrequent in the populations studied, rarely detected when present as a mono-infection and unlikely to have had an important impact on the outcome of pregnancy in the communities studied due to the small number of women infected with non-falciparum parasites.",

author = "John Williams and Fanta Njie and Matthew Cairns and Kalifa Bojang and Coulibaly, {Sheick Oumar} and Kassoum Kayentao and Ismaela Abubakar and Francis Akor and Khalifa Mohammed and Richard Bationo and Edgar Dabira and Alamissa Soulama and Moussa Djimd{\'e} and Etienne Guirou and Timothy Awine and Quaye, {Stephen L} and Jaume Ordi and Ogobara Doumbo and Abraham Hodgson and Abraham Oduro and Pascal Magnussen and {Ter Kuile}, {Feiko O} and Arouna Woukeu and Paul Milligan and Harry Tagbor and Brian Greenwood and Daniel Chandramohan",

year = "2016",

month = jan,

day = "29",

doi = "10.1186/s12936-016-1092-1",

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volume = "15",

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publisher = "BioMed Central",

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T1 - Non-falciparum malaria infections in pregnant women in West Africa

AU - Williams, John

AU - Njie, Fanta

AU - Cairns, Matthew

AU - Bojang, Kalifa

AU - Coulibaly, Sheick Oumar

AU - Kayentao, Kassoum

AU - Abubakar, Ismaela

AU - Akor, Francis

AU - Mohammed, Khalifa

AU - Bationo, Richard

AU - Dabira, Edgar

AU - Soulama, Alamissa

AU - Djimdé, Moussa

AU - Guirou, Etienne

AU - Awine, Timothy

AU - Quaye, Stephen L

AU - Ordi, Jaume

AU - Doumbo, Ogobara

AU - Hodgson, Abraham

AU - Oduro, Abraham

AU - Magnussen, Pascal

AU - Ter Kuile, Feiko O

AU - Woukeu, Arouna

AU - Milligan, Paul

AU - Tagbor, Harry

AU - Greenwood, Brian

AU - Chandramohan, Daniel

PY - 2016/1/29

Y1 - 2016/1/29

N2 - BACKGROUND: Non-Plasmodium falciparum malaria infections are found in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa but little is known about their importance in pregnancy.METHODS: Blood samples were collected at first antenatal clinic attendance from 2526 women enrolled in a trial of intermittent screening and treatment of malaria in pregnancy (ISTp) versus intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) conducted in Burkina Faso, The Gambia, Ghana and Mali. DNA was extracted from blood spots and tested for P. falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale using a nested PCR test. Risk factors for a non-falciparum malaria infection were investigated and the influence of these infections on the outcome of pregnancy was determined.RESULTS: P. falciparum infection was detected frequently (overall prevalence by PCR: 38.8 %, [95 % CI 37.0, 40.8]), with a prevalence ranging from 10.8 % in The Gambia to 56.1 % in Ghana. Non-falciparum malaria infections were found only rarely (overall prevalence 1.39 % [95 % CI 1.00, 1.92]), ranging from 0.17 % in the Gambia to 3.81 % in Mali. Ten non-falciparum mono-infections and 25 mixed falciparum and non-falciparum infections were found. P. malariae was the most frequent non-falciparum infection identified; P. vivax was detected only in Mali. Only four of the non-falciparum mono-infections were detected by microscopy or rapid diagnostic test. Recruitment during the late rainy season and low socio-economic status were associated with an increased risk of non-falciparum malaria as well as falciparum malaria. The outcome of pregnancy did not differ between women with a non-falciparum malaria infection and those who were not infected with malaria at first ANC attendance.CONCLUSIONS: Non-falciparum infections were infrequent in the populations studied, rarely detected when present as a mono-infection and unlikely to have had an important impact on the outcome of pregnancy in the communities studied due to the small number of women infected with non-falciparum parasites.

AB - BACKGROUND: Non-Plasmodium falciparum malaria infections are found in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa but little is known about their importance in pregnancy.METHODS: Blood samples were collected at first antenatal clinic attendance from 2526 women enrolled in a trial of intermittent screening and treatment of malaria in pregnancy (ISTp) versus intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) conducted in Burkina Faso, The Gambia, Ghana and Mali. DNA was extracted from blood spots and tested for P. falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale using a nested PCR test. Risk factors for a non-falciparum malaria infection were investigated and the influence of these infections on the outcome of pregnancy was determined.RESULTS: P. falciparum infection was detected frequently (overall prevalence by PCR: 38.8 %, [95 % CI 37.0, 40.8]), with a prevalence ranging from 10.8 % in The Gambia to 56.1 % in Ghana. Non-falciparum malaria infections were found only rarely (overall prevalence 1.39 % [95 % CI 1.00, 1.92]), ranging from 0.17 % in the Gambia to 3.81 % in Mali. Ten non-falciparum mono-infections and 25 mixed falciparum and non-falciparum infections were found. P. malariae was the most frequent non-falciparum infection identified; P. vivax was detected only in Mali. Only four of the non-falciparum mono-infections were detected by microscopy or rapid diagnostic test. Recruitment during the late rainy season and low socio-economic status were associated with an increased risk of non-falciparum malaria as well as falciparum malaria. The outcome of pregnancy did not differ between women with a non-falciparum malaria infection and those who were not infected with malaria at first ANC attendance.CONCLUSIONS: Non-falciparum infections were infrequent in the populations studied, rarely detected when present as a mono-infection and unlikely to have had an important impact on the outcome of pregnancy in the communities studied due to the small number of women infected with non-falciparum parasites.

U2 - 10.1186/s12936-016-1092-1

DO - 10.1186/s12936-016-1092-1

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 26823277

SN - 1475-2875

VL - 15

JO - Malaria Journal

JF - Malaria Journal

IS - 1

M1 - 53

ER -

Non-falciparum malaria infections in pregnant women in West Africa

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