Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subtypes as Potential Drug Targets for the Treatment of Schizophrenia, Drug Abuse and Parkinson's Disease

TY - JOUR

T1 - Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subtypes as Potential Drug Targets for the Treatment of Schizophrenia, Drug Abuse and Parkinson's Disease

AU - Dencker, Ditte

AU - Thomsen, Morgane

AU - Wörtwein, Gitta

AU - Weikop, Pia

AU - Cui, Yinghong

AU - Jeon, Jongrye

AU - Wess, Jürgen

AU - Fink-Jensen, Anders

PY - 2012/2/15

Y1 - 2012/2/15

N2 - The neurotransmitter dopamine plays important roles in modulating cognitive, affective, and motor functions. Dysregulation of dopaminergic neurotransmission is thought to be involved in the pathophysiology of several psychiatric and neurological disorders, including schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease and drug abuse. Dopaminergic systems are regulated by cholinergic, especially muscarinic, input. Not surprisingly, increasing evidence implicates muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated pathways as potential targets for the treatment of these disorders classically viewed as "dopamine based". There are five known muscarinic receptor subtypes (M 1 to M 5). Due to their overlapping expression patterns and the lack of receptor subtype-specific ligands, the roles of the individual muscarinic receptors have long remained elusive. During the past decade, studies with knockout mice lacking specific muscarinic receptor subtypes have greatly advanced our knowledge of the physiological roles of the M 1-M 5 receptors. Recently, new ligands have been developed that can interact with allosteric sites on different muscarinic receptor subtypes, rather than the conventional (orthosteric) acetylcholine binding site. Such agents may lead to the development of novel classes of drugs useful for the treatment of psychosis, drug abuse, and Parkinson's disease. The present review highlights recent studies carried out using muscarinic receptor knockout mice and new subtype-selective allosteric ligands to assess the roles of M 1, M 4, and M 5 receptors in various central processes that are under strong dopaminergic control. The outcome of these studies opens new perspectives for the use of novel muscarinic drugs for several severe disorders of the central nervous system.

AB - The neurotransmitter dopamine plays important roles in modulating cognitive, affective, and motor functions. Dysregulation of dopaminergic neurotransmission is thought to be involved in the pathophysiology of several psychiatric and neurological disorders, including schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease and drug abuse. Dopaminergic systems are regulated by cholinergic, especially muscarinic, input. Not surprisingly, increasing evidence implicates muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated pathways as potential targets for the treatment of these disorders classically viewed as "dopamine based". There are five known muscarinic receptor subtypes (M 1 to M 5). Due to their overlapping expression patterns and the lack of receptor subtype-specific ligands, the roles of the individual muscarinic receptors have long remained elusive. During the past decade, studies with knockout mice lacking specific muscarinic receptor subtypes have greatly advanced our knowledge of the physiological roles of the M 1-M 5 receptors. Recently, new ligands have been developed that can interact with allosteric sites on different muscarinic receptor subtypes, rather than the conventional (orthosteric) acetylcholine binding site. Such agents may lead to the development of novel classes of drugs useful for the treatment of psychosis, drug abuse, and Parkinson's disease. The present review highlights recent studies carried out using muscarinic receptor knockout mice and new subtype-selective allosteric ligands to assess the roles of M 1, M 4, and M 5 receptors in various central processes that are under strong dopaminergic control. The outcome of these studies opens new perspectives for the use of novel muscarinic drugs for several severe disorders of the central nervous system.

U2 - 10.1021/cn200110q

DO - 10.1021/cn200110q

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 22389751

SN - 1948-7193

VL - 3

SP - 80

EP - 89

JO - ACS Chemical Neuroscience

JF - ACS Chemical Neuroscience

IS - 2

ER -