TY - JOUR
T1 - Micronuclei in cord blood lymphocytes and associations with biomarkers of exposure to carcinogens and hormonally active factors, gene polymorphisms, and gene expression
T2 - the NewGeneris cohort
AU - Merlo, Domenico Franco
AU - Agramunt, Silvia
AU - Anna, Lívia
AU - Besselink, Harrie
AU - Botsivali, Maria
AU - Brady, Nigel J
AU - Ceppi, Marcello
AU - Chatzi, Leda
AU - Chen, Bowang
AU - Decordier, Ilse
AU - Farmer, Peter B
AU - Fleming, Sarah
AU - Fontana, Vincenzo
AU - Försti, Asta
AU - Fthenou, Eleni
AU - Gallo, Fabio
AU - Georgiadis, Panagiotis
AU - Gmuender, Hans
AU - Godschalk, Roger W
AU - Granum, Berit
AU - Hardie, Laura J
AU - Hemminki, Kari
AU - Hochstenbach, Kevin
AU - Knudsen, Lisbeth E
AU - Kogevinas, Manolis
AU - Kovács, Katalin
AU - Kyrtopoulos, Soterios A
AU - Løvik, Martinus
AU - Nielsen, Jeanette K
AU - Nygaard, Unni Cecilie
AU - Pedersen, Marie
AU - Rydberg, Per
AU - Schoket, Bernadette
AU - Segerbäck, Dan
AU - Singh, Rajinder
AU - Sunyer, Jordi
AU - Törnqvist, Margareta
AU - van Loveren, Henk
AU - van Schooten, Frederik J
AU - Vande Loock, Kim
AU - von Stedingk, Hans
AU - Wright, Andrew John
AU - Kleinjans, Jos C
AU - Kirsch-Volders, Micheline
AU - van Delft, Joost H M
AU - NewGeneris Consortium
PY - 2014/2
Y1 - 2014/2
N2 - Background: Leukemia incidence has increased in recent decades among European children, suggesting that early-life environmental exposures play an important role in disease development. Objectives: We investigated the hypothesis that childhood susceptibility may increase as a result of in utero exposure to carcinogens and hormonally acting factors. Using cord blood samples from the NewGeneris cohort, we examined associations between a range of biomarkers of carcinogen exposure and hormonally acting factors with micronuclei (MN) frequency as a proxy measure of cancer risk. Associations with gene expression and genotype were also explored. Methods: DNA and protein adducts, gene expression profiles, circulating hormonally acting factors, and GWAS (genome-wide association study) data were investigated in relation to genomic damage measured by MN frequency in lymphocytes from 623 newborns enrolled between 2006 and 2010 across Europe. Results: Malondialdehyde DNA adducts (M1dG) were associated with increased MN frequency in binucleated lymphocytes (MNBN), and exposure to androgenic, estrogenic, and dioxin-like compounds was associated with MN frequency in mononucleated lymphocytes (MNMONO), although no monotonic exposure-outcome relationship was observed. Lower frequencies of MNBN were associated with a 1-unit increase expression of PDCD11, LATS2, TRIM13, CD28, SMC1A, IL7R, and NIPBL genes. Gene expression was significantly higher in association with the highest versus lowest category of bulky and M1dG-DNA adducts for five and six genes, respectively. Gene expression levels were significantly lower for 11 genes in association with the highest versus lowest category of plasma AR CALUX® (chemically activated luciferase expression for androgens) (8 genes), ERα CALUX® (for estrogens) (2 genes), and DR CALUX® (for dioxins). Several SNPs (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) on chromosome 11 near FOLH1 significantly modified associations between androgen activity and MNBN frequency. Polymorphisms in EPHX1/2 and CYP2E1 were associated with MNBN. Conclusion: We measured in utero exposure to selected environmental carcinogens and circulating hormonally acting factors and detected associations with MN frequency in newborns circulating T lymphocytes. The results highlight mechanisms that may contribute to carcinogen-induced leukemia and require further research.
AB - Background: Leukemia incidence has increased in recent decades among European children, suggesting that early-life environmental exposures play an important role in disease development. Objectives: We investigated the hypothesis that childhood susceptibility may increase as a result of in utero exposure to carcinogens and hormonally acting factors. Using cord blood samples from the NewGeneris cohort, we examined associations between a range of biomarkers of carcinogen exposure and hormonally acting factors with micronuclei (MN) frequency as a proxy measure of cancer risk. Associations with gene expression and genotype were also explored. Methods: DNA and protein adducts, gene expression profiles, circulating hormonally acting factors, and GWAS (genome-wide association study) data were investigated in relation to genomic damage measured by MN frequency in lymphocytes from 623 newborns enrolled between 2006 and 2010 across Europe. Results: Malondialdehyde DNA adducts (M1dG) were associated with increased MN frequency in binucleated lymphocytes (MNBN), and exposure to androgenic, estrogenic, and dioxin-like compounds was associated with MN frequency in mononucleated lymphocytes (MNMONO), although no monotonic exposure-outcome relationship was observed. Lower frequencies of MNBN were associated with a 1-unit increase expression of PDCD11, LATS2, TRIM13, CD28, SMC1A, IL7R, and NIPBL genes. Gene expression was significantly higher in association with the highest versus lowest category of bulky and M1dG-DNA adducts for five and six genes, respectively. Gene expression levels were significantly lower for 11 genes in association with the highest versus lowest category of plasma AR CALUX® (chemically activated luciferase expression for androgens) (8 genes), ERα CALUX® (for estrogens) (2 genes), and DR CALUX® (for dioxins). Several SNPs (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) on chromosome 11 near FOLH1 significantly modified associations between androgen activity and MNBN frequency. Polymorphisms in EPHX1/2 and CYP2E1 were associated with MNBN. Conclusion: We measured in utero exposure to selected environmental carcinogens and circulating hormonally acting factors and detected associations with MN frequency in newborns circulating T lymphocytes. The results highlight mechanisms that may contribute to carcinogen-induced leukemia and require further research.
U2 - 10.1289/ehp.1206324
DO - 10.1289/ehp.1206324
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 24252472
SN - 0091-6765
VL - 122
SP - 193
EP - 200
JO - Environmental Health Perspectives
JF - Environmental Health Perspectives
IS - 2
ER -