Microfluidic Migration and Wound Healing Assay Based on Mechanically Induced Injuries of Defined and Highly Reproducible Areas

TY - JOUR

T1 - Microfluidic Migration and Wound Healing Assay Based on Mechanically Induced Injuries of Defined and Highly Reproducible Areas

AU - Sticker, Drago

AU - Lechner, Sarah

AU - Jungreuthmayer, Christian

AU - Zanghellini, Jürgen

AU - Ertl, Peter

PY - 2017/2/21

Y1 - 2017/2/21

N2 - All cell migration and wound healing assays are based on the inherent ability of adherent cells to move into adjacent cell-free areas, thus providing information on cell culture viability, cellular mechanisms and multicellular movements. Despite their widespread use for toxicological screening, biomedical research and pharmaceutical studies, to date no satisfactory technological solutions are available for the automated, miniaturized and integrated induction of defined wound areas. To bridge this technological gap, we have developed a lab-on-a-chip capable of mechanically inducing circular cell-free areas within confluent cell layers. The microdevices were fabricated using off-stoichiometric thiol-ene-epoxy (OSTEMER) polymer resulting in hard-polymer devices that are robust, cost-effective and disposable. We show that the pneumatically controlled membrane deflection/compression method not only generates highly reproducible (RSD 4%) injuries but also allows for repeated wounding in microfluidic environments. Performance analysis demonstrated that applied surface coating remains intact even after multiple wounding, while cell debris is simultaneously removed using laminar flow conditions. Furthermore, only a few injured cells were found along the edge of the circular cell-free areas, thus allowing reliable and reproducible cell migration of a wide range of surface sensitive anchorage dependent cell types. Practical application is demonstrated by investigating healing progression and endothelial cell migration in the absence and presence of an inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α) and a well-known cell proliferation inhibitor (mitomycin-C).

AB - All cell migration and wound healing assays are based on the inherent ability of adherent cells to move into adjacent cell-free areas, thus providing information on cell culture viability, cellular mechanisms and multicellular movements. Despite their widespread use for toxicological screening, biomedical research and pharmaceutical studies, to date no satisfactory technological solutions are available for the automated, miniaturized and integrated induction of defined wound areas. To bridge this technological gap, we have developed a lab-on-a-chip capable of mechanically inducing circular cell-free areas within confluent cell layers. The microdevices were fabricated using off-stoichiometric thiol-ene-epoxy (OSTEMER) polymer resulting in hard-polymer devices that are robust, cost-effective and disposable. We show that the pneumatically controlled membrane deflection/compression method not only generates highly reproducible (RSD 4%) injuries but also allows for repeated wounding in microfluidic environments. Performance analysis demonstrated that applied surface coating remains intact even after multiple wounding, while cell debris is simultaneously removed using laminar flow conditions. Furthermore, only a few injured cells were found along the edge of the circular cell-free areas, thus allowing reliable and reproducible cell migration of a wide range of surface sensitive anchorage dependent cell types. Practical application is demonstrated by investigating healing progression and endothelial cell migration in the absence and presence of an inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α) and a well-known cell proliferation inhibitor (mitomycin-C).

KW - Journal Article

U2 - 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03886

DO - 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03886

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 28192955

SN - 0003-2700

VL - 89

SP - 2326

EP - 2333

JO - Industrial And Engineering Chemistry Analytical Edition

JF - Industrial And Engineering Chemistry Analytical Edition

IS - 4

ER -