Lithostratigraphy of the upper Oligocene–Miocene succession in Denmark

Erik Skovbjerg Rasmussen; Karen Dybkjær; Stefan Piasecki

Lithostratigraphy of the upper Oligocene–Miocene succession in Denmark

Erik Skovbjerg Rasmussen, Karen Dybkjær, Stefan Piasecki

Geologi

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Abstract

The Upper Oligocene – Miocene succession of onshore Denmark is about 250 m thick and is composed of interdigitating, coarse-grained fluvio-deltaic and mud-rich marine sediments; it is best exposed in coastal cliffs in eastern and northern Jylland but is also seen locally inland. These sediments contain important natural resources such as brown coals, clays, and sand and gravel deposits (locally rich in heavy minerals), and thus have been the focus of study since the 19th century. In recent years, the growing demand for a reliable source of drinking water has led to renewed interest in the succession. The resultant intensive drilling campaign – over 100 boreholes now penetrate the succession – and high-resolution seismic surveys have made it possible to reconstruct in detail the subsurface architecture of the sedimentary basin and to chart the evolution of the landscape between 25 and 8 million years ago.
This bulletin presents a revised lithostratigraphy of the Upper Oligocene – Miocene succession of onshore western Denmark. The Upper Oligocene is referred to the Brejning Formation, which is subdivided into two members, one of which is new. The Miocene is subdivided into two new groups: the Ribe and Måde Groups. The former (Lower–Middle Miocene) comprises six formations (two new, four revised) and eight members, six of which are erected here. The Måde Group (Middle–Upper Miocene) consists of four formations, of which two are new lithostratigraphic units.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Tidsskrift	Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark
Vol/bind	22
Antal sider	92
ISSN	0011-6297
Status	Udgivet - 2010

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title = "Lithostratigraphy of the upper Oligocene–Miocene succession in Denmark",

abstract = "This paper presents a revised lithostratigraphic scheme for the uppermost Upper Oligocene - Miocene succession of Denmark. The marine Oligocene Brejning Clay Member is upgraded to formation status and includes the Sydklint Member and the {\O}ksenrade Member (new). The shallow marine and deltaic deposits of mainly Early Miocene age are included in the Ribe Group (new) while the fully marine Middle and Upper Miocene clay-rich deposits are referred to the M{\aa}de Group (new). The Ribe Group is subdivided into 6 formations: the Vejle Fjord Formation is revised and includes the Skansebakke Member, the Billund Formation (new) includes the Addit and Hvidbjerg Members (new), the Klintinghoved Formation is redefined formally and includes the Koldingfjord Member (new), the Bastrup Formation (new) includes the Resen Member (new), the Vandel Member is a new member in the Arnum Formation (revised), the Odderup Formation is redefined and includes the Stauning Member (new) and the coalbearing Fasterholt Member. The M{\aa}de Group is subdivided into the Hodde, {\O}rnh{\o}j (new), Gram and Marb{\ae}k (new) Formations. Subdivision of the Upper Oligocene - Miocene succession into two groups, the Ribe and M{\aa}de Groups, is compatible with the North Sea lithostratigraphic framework where they correlate with the upper part of the Hordaland Group and the Nordland Group, respectively. The revised lithostratigraphic framework correlated in three dimensions provides rigorous constraints on the palaeogeographic interpretation of the Late Oligocene - Miocene period. Three major deltaic units (Billund, Bastrup and Odderup Formations) prograded from the north and north-east into the North Sea Basin during the Early - early Middle Miocene. Delta progradation was punctuated by deposition of marine clay and silt associated with minor transgressive events (Vejle Fjord, Klintinghoved and Arnum Formations). During the Middle-Late Miocene, marine depositional conditions dominated (Hodde, {\O}rnh{\o}j and Gram Formations). A fourth and final progadational event (Marb{\ae}k Formation) commenced in the latest Tortonian heralding the emergence of present-day Denmark (including the North Sea sector).",

author = "Rasmussen, {Erik Skovbjerg} and Karen Dybkj{\ae}r and Stefan Piasecki",

year = "2010",

language = "English",

volume = "22",

journal = "Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark",

issn = "0011-6297",

publisher = "Dansk Geologisk Forening",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Lithostratigraphy of the upper Oligocene–Miocene succession in Denmark

AU - Rasmussen, Erik Skovbjerg

AU - Dybkjær, Karen

AU - Piasecki, Stefan

PY - 2010

Y1 - 2010

N2 - This paper presents a revised lithostratigraphic scheme for the uppermost Upper Oligocene - Miocene succession of Denmark. The marine Oligocene Brejning Clay Member is upgraded to formation status and includes the Sydklint Member and the Øksenrade Member (new). The shallow marine and deltaic deposits of mainly Early Miocene age are included in the Ribe Group (new) while the fully marine Middle and Upper Miocene clay-rich deposits are referred to the Måde Group (new). The Ribe Group is subdivided into 6 formations: the Vejle Fjord Formation is revised and includes the Skansebakke Member, the Billund Formation (new) includes the Addit and Hvidbjerg Members (new), the Klintinghoved Formation is redefined formally and includes the Koldingfjord Member (new), the Bastrup Formation (new) includes the Resen Member (new), the Vandel Member is a new member in the Arnum Formation (revised), the Odderup Formation is redefined and includes the Stauning Member (new) and the coalbearing Fasterholt Member. The Måde Group is subdivided into the Hodde, Ørnhøj (new), Gram and Marbæk (new) Formations. Subdivision of the Upper Oligocene - Miocene succession into two groups, the Ribe and Måde Groups, is compatible with the North Sea lithostratigraphic framework where they correlate with the upper part of the Hordaland Group and the Nordland Group, respectively. The revised lithostratigraphic framework correlated in three dimensions provides rigorous constraints on the palaeogeographic interpretation of the Late Oligocene - Miocene period. Three major deltaic units (Billund, Bastrup and Odderup Formations) prograded from the north and north-east into the North Sea Basin during the Early - early Middle Miocene. Delta progradation was punctuated by deposition of marine clay and silt associated with minor transgressive events (Vejle Fjord, Klintinghoved and Arnum Formations). During the Middle-Late Miocene, marine depositional conditions dominated (Hodde, Ørnhøj and Gram Formations). A fourth and final progadational event (Marbæk Formation) commenced in the latest Tortonian heralding the emergence of present-day Denmark (including the North Sea sector).

AB - This paper presents a revised lithostratigraphic scheme for the uppermost Upper Oligocene - Miocene succession of Denmark. The marine Oligocene Brejning Clay Member is upgraded to formation status and includes the Sydklint Member and the Øksenrade Member (new). The shallow marine and deltaic deposits of mainly Early Miocene age are included in the Ribe Group (new) while the fully marine Middle and Upper Miocene clay-rich deposits are referred to the Måde Group (new). The Ribe Group is subdivided into 6 formations: the Vejle Fjord Formation is revised and includes the Skansebakke Member, the Billund Formation (new) includes the Addit and Hvidbjerg Members (new), the Klintinghoved Formation is redefined formally and includes the Koldingfjord Member (new), the Bastrup Formation (new) includes the Resen Member (new), the Vandel Member is a new member in the Arnum Formation (revised), the Odderup Formation is redefined and includes the Stauning Member (new) and the coalbearing Fasterholt Member. The Måde Group is subdivided into the Hodde, Ørnhøj (new), Gram and Marbæk (new) Formations. Subdivision of the Upper Oligocene - Miocene succession into two groups, the Ribe and Måde Groups, is compatible with the North Sea lithostratigraphic framework where they correlate with the upper part of the Hordaland Group and the Nordland Group, respectively. The revised lithostratigraphic framework correlated in three dimensions provides rigorous constraints on the palaeogeographic interpretation of the Late Oligocene - Miocene period. Three major deltaic units (Billund, Bastrup and Odderup Formations) prograded from the north and north-east into the North Sea Basin during the Early - early Middle Miocene. Delta progradation was punctuated by deposition of marine clay and silt associated with minor transgressive events (Vejle Fjord, Klintinghoved and Arnum Formations). During the Middle-Late Miocene, marine depositional conditions dominated (Hodde, Ørnhøj and Gram Formations). A fourth and final progadational event (Marbæk Formation) commenced in the latest Tortonian heralding the emergence of present-day Denmark (including the North Sea sector).

M3 - Journal article

SN - 0011-6297

VL - 22

JO - Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark

JF - Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark

ER -

Lithostratigraphy of the upper Oligocene–Miocene succession in Denmark

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