TY - JOUR
T1 - Immune and inflammatory responses in the CNS : Modulation by astrocytes
T2 - Cytokines and the Brain: IMMUNE RESPONSE IN THE BRAIN:
AU - Penkowa, Milena
AU - aschner, michael
AU - hidalgo, juan
PY - 2008
Y1 - 2008
N2 - Beyond their long-recognized support functions, astrocytes are active partners of neurons inprocessing information, synaptic integration, and production of trophic factors, just to name afew. Both microglia and astrocytes produce and secrete a number of cytokines, modulating andintegrating the communication between hematogenous cells and resident cells of the centralnervous system (CNS). This review will address (1) the functions of astrocytes in the normalbrain and (2) their role in surveying noxious stimuli within the brain, with particular emphasison astrocytic responses to damage or disease, a process referred to as reactive astrogliosis/astrocytosis. In addition, the review will discuss (3) the role of astrocytes as an abundant cellularsource for immunoregulatory (cytokines) factors, and their fundamental roles in the type andextent of CNS immune and inflammatory responses. (4) Recent experimental evidence on therole of astroglia in the etiology of neurological diseases will be highlighted, along with (5) therole of oxidative stressors generated within astrocytes in this process.
AB - Beyond their long-recognized support functions, astrocytes are active partners of neurons inprocessing information, synaptic integration, and production of trophic factors, just to name afew. Both microglia and astrocytes produce and secrete a number of cytokines, modulating andintegrating the communication between hematogenous cells and resident cells of the centralnervous system (CNS). This review will address (1) the functions of astrocytes in the normalbrain and (2) their role in surveying noxious stimuli within the brain, with particular emphasison astrocytic responses to damage or disease, a process referred to as reactive astrogliosis/astrocytosis. In addition, the review will discuss (3) the role of astrocytes as an abundant cellularsource for immunoregulatory (cytokines) factors, and their fundamental roles in the type andextent of CNS immune and inflammatory responses. (4) Recent experimental evidence on therole of astroglia in the etiology of neurological diseases will be highlighted, along with (5) therole of oxidative stressors generated within astrocytes in this process.
M3 - Journal article
SN - 1567-7443
VL - 13
SP - 275
EP - 287
JO - NeuroImmune Biology
JF - NeuroImmune Biology
ER -