Human Disease Variation in the Light of Population Genomics

Ana Prohaska; Fernando Racimo; Andrew J. Schork; Martin Sikora; Aaron J. Stern; Melissa Ilardo; Morten Erik Allentoft; Lasse Folkersen; Alfonso Buil; J. Víctor Moreno-Mayar; Thorfinn Korneliussen; Daniel Geschwind; Andrés Ingason; Thomas Werge; Rasmus Nielsen; Eske Willerslev

doi:10.1016/j.cell.2019.01.052

Human Disease Variation in the Light of Population Genomics

Ana Prohaska, Fernando Racimo, Andrew J. Schork, Martin Sikora, Aaron J. Stern, Melissa Ilardo, Morten Erik Allentoft, Lasse Folkersen, Alfonso Buil, J. Víctor Moreno-Mayar, Thorfinn Korneliussen, Daniel Geschwind, Andrés Ingason, Thomas Werge^*, Rasmus Nielsen, Eske Willerslev

^*Corresponding author af dette arbejde

Institut for Klinisk Medicin

19 Citationer (Scopus)

Abstract

Identifying the causes of similarities and differences in genetic disease prevalence among humans is central to understanding disease etiology. While present-day humans are not strongly differentiated, vast amounts of genomic data now make it possible to study subtle patterns of genetic variation. This allows us to trace our genomic history thousands of years into the past and its implications for the distribution of disease-associated variants today. Genomic analyses have shown that demographic processes shaped the distribution and frequency of disease-associated variants over time. Furthermore, local adaptation to new environmental conditions—including pathogens—has generated strong patterns of differentiation at particular loci. Researchers are also beginning to uncover the genetic architecture of complex diseases, affected by many variants of small effect. The field of population genomics thus holds great potential for providing further insights into the evolution of human disease.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Tidsskrift	Cell
Vol/bind	177
Udgave nummer	1
Sider (fra-til)	115-131
Antal sider	17
ISSN	0092-8674
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2019.01.052
Status	Udgivet - 21 mar. 2019

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title = "Human Disease Variation in the Light of Population Genomics",

abstract = "Identifying the causes of similarities and differences in genetic disease prevalence among humans is central to understanding disease etiology. While present-day humans are not strongly differentiated, vast amounts of genomic data now make it possible to study subtle patterns of genetic variation. This allows us to trace our genomic history thousands of years into the past and its implications for the distribution of disease-associated variants today. Genomic analyses have shown that demographic processes shaped the distribution and frequency of disease-associated variants over time. Furthermore, local adaptation to new environmental conditions—including pathogens—has generated strong patterns of differentiation at particular loci. Researchers are also beginning to uncover the genetic architecture of complex diseases, affected by many variants of small effect. The field of population genomics thus holds great potential for providing further insights into the evolution of human disease.",

author = "Ana Prohaska and Fernando Racimo and Schork, {Andrew J.} and Martin Sikora and Stern, {Aaron J.} and Melissa Ilardo and Allentoft, {Morten Erik} and Lasse Folkersen and Alfonso Buil and Moreno-Mayar, {J. V{\'i}ctor} and Thorfinn Korneliussen and Daniel Geschwind and Andr{\'e}s Ingason and Thomas Werge and Rasmus Nielsen and Eske Willerslev",

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AU - Prohaska, Ana

AU - Racimo, Fernando

AU - Schork, Andrew J.

AU - Sikora, Martin

AU - Stern, Aaron J.

AU - Ilardo, Melissa

AU - Allentoft, Morten Erik

AU - Folkersen, Lasse

AU - Buil, Alfonso

AU - Moreno-Mayar, J. Víctor

AU - Korneliussen, Thorfinn

AU - Geschwind, Daniel

AU - Ingason, Andrés

AU - Werge, Thomas

AU - Nielsen, Rasmus

AU - Willerslev, Eske

PY - 2019/3/21

Y1 - 2019/3/21

N2 - Identifying the causes of similarities and differences in genetic disease prevalence among humans is central to understanding disease etiology. While present-day humans are not strongly differentiated, vast amounts of genomic data now make it possible to study subtle patterns of genetic variation. This allows us to trace our genomic history thousands of years into the past and its implications for the distribution of disease-associated variants today. Genomic analyses have shown that demographic processes shaped the distribution and frequency of disease-associated variants over time. Furthermore, local adaptation to new environmental conditions—including pathogens—has generated strong patterns of differentiation at particular loci. Researchers are also beginning to uncover the genetic architecture of complex diseases, affected by many variants of small effect. The field of population genomics thus holds great potential for providing further insights into the evolution of human disease.

AB - Identifying the causes of similarities and differences in genetic disease prevalence among humans is central to understanding disease etiology. While present-day humans are not strongly differentiated, vast amounts of genomic data now make it possible to study subtle patterns of genetic variation. This allows us to trace our genomic history thousands of years into the past and its implications for the distribution of disease-associated variants today. Genomic analyses have shown that demographic processes shaped the distribution and frequency of disease-associated variants over time. Furthermore, local adaptation to new environmental conditions—including pathogens—has generated strong patterns of differentiation at particular loci. Researchers are also beginning to uncover the genetic architecture of complex diseases, affected by many variants of small effect. The field of population genomics thus holds great potential for providing further insights into the evolution of human disease.

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Human Disease Variation in the Light of Population Genomics

Abstract

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