Hospitalization for pneumonia among individuals with and without HIV infection, 1995-2007: a Danish population-based, nationwide cohort study.

O.S. Sogaard; N. Lohse; J. Gerstoft; G. Kronborg; L. Ostergaard; C. Pedersen; G. Pedersen; H.T. Sorensen; N. Obel; Ole S Sogaard; Nicolai Lohse; Jan Gerstoft; Gitte Kronborg; Lars Ostergaard; Court Pedersen; Gitte Pedersen; Henrik Toft Sørensen; Niels Obel

doi:10.1086/592692

Hospitalization for pneumonia among individuals with and without HIV infection, 1995-2007: a Danish population-based, nationwide cohort study.

O.S. Sogaard, N. Lohse, J. Gerstoft, G. Kronborg, L. Ostergaard, C. Pedersen, G. Pedersen, H.T. Sorensen, N. Obel, Ole S Sogaard, Nicolai Lohse, Jan Gerstoft, Gitte Kronborg, Lars Ostergaard, Court Pedersen, Gitte Pedersen, Henrik Toft Sørensen, Niels Obel

Institut for Klinisk Medicin

76 Citationer (Scopus)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals with high CD4(+) cell counts may have increased susceptibility to other infections. We compared incidence rates of pneumonia among individuals with and without HIV infection and explored risk factors for pneumonia in the HIV-infected population. METHODS: This was an observational cohort study conducted during 1995-2007. Each member of a Danish population-based nationwide cohort of HIV-infected individuals was matched with up to 99 control individuals from the general population. Data on age, mortality, emigration, and hospital discharge diagnoses from 1977 onward were obtained from nationwide administrative databases. Individuals without previous hospitalization for pneumonia were observed from the date of HIV diagnosis until the first hospitalization to treat pneumonia (excluding pneumonia attributable to Pneumocystis jiroveci). Risk factors were assessed by Poisson regression. RESULTS: The study included 3516 persons with HIV infection and 328,738 persons without HIV infection, which provided 23,677 person-years and 2,944,760 person-years of observation, respectively. Incidence rates of pneumonia in HIV-infected individuals decreased from 50.6 hospitalizations per 1000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 42.9-59.7 hospitalizations per 1000 person-years) during 1995-1996 to 19.7 hospitalizations per 1000 person-years (95% CI, 16.2-23.8 hospitalizations per 1000 person-years) during 2005-2007. Compared with control individuals, incidence rate ratios were 34.6 (95% CI, 28.4-41.8) during 1995-1996; 6.3 (95% CI, 5.1-7.7) during 2005-2007; and 5.9 (95% CI, 4.2-7.6) during 2005-2007 for the subgroup with a CD4(+) cell count >500 cells/microL. Injection drug use, low current CD4(+) cell count, nadir CD4(+) cell count, increasing age, and no current receipt of highly active antiretroviral therapy increased the risk of pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of pneumonia in persons with HIV infection has decreased substantially since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy, but HIV infection remains a strong risk factor for the need for hospitalization to treat pneumonia, even in persons with high CD4(+) cell counts
Udgivelsesdato: 2008/11/15

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Tidsskrift	Clinical Infectious Diseases
Vol/bind	47
Udgave nummer	10
Sider (fra-til)	1345-53
Antal sider	8
ISSN	1058-4838
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1086/592692 https://doi.org/10.1086/592692
Status	Udgivet - 2008

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Sogaard, O. S., Lohse, N., Gerstoft, J., Kronborg, G., Ostergaard, L., Pedersen, C., Pedersen, G., Sorensen, H. T., Obel, N., Sogaard, O. S., Lohse, N., Gerstoft, J., Kronborg, G., Ostergaard, L., Pedersen, C., Pedersen, G., Sørensen, H. T., & Obel, N. (2008). Hospitalization for pneumonia among individuals with and without HIV infection, 1995-2007: a Danish population-based, nationwide cohort study. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 47(10), 1345-53. https://doi.org/10.1086/592692, https://doi.org/10.1086/592692

Sogaard, OS, Lohse, N, Gerstoft, J, Kronborg, G, Ostergaard, L, Pedersen, C, Pedersen, G, Sorensen, HT, Obel, N, Sogaard, OS, Lohse, N, Gerstoft, J, Kronborg, G, Ostergaard, L, Pedersen, C, Pedersen, G, Sørensen, HT & Obel, N 2008, 'Hospitalization for pneumonia among individuals with and without HIV infection, 1995-2007: a Danish population-based, nationwide cohort study.', Clinical Infectious Diseases, bind 47, nr. 10, s. 1345-53. https://doi.org/10.1086/592692, https://doi.org/10.1086/592692

@article{b064eef0059e11deb05e000ea68e967b,

title = "Hospitalization for pneumonia among individuals with and without HIV infection, 1995-2007: a Danish population-based, nationwide cohort study.",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals with high CD4(+) cell counts may have increased susceptibility to other infections. We compared incidence rates of pneumonia among individuals with and without HIV infection and explored risk factors for pneumonia in the HIV-infected population. METHODS: This was an observational cohort study conducted during 1995-2007. Each member of a Danish population-based nationwide cohort of HIV-infected individuals was matched with up to 99 control individuals from the general population. Data on age, mortality, emigration, and hospital discharge diagnoses from 1977 onward were obtained from nationwide administrative databases. Individuals without previous hospitalization for pneumonia were observed from the date of HIV diagnosis until the first hospitalization to treat pneumonia (excluding pneumonia attributable to Pneumocystis jiroveci). Risk factors were assessed by Poisson regression. RESULTS: The study included 3516 persons with HIV infection and 328,738 persons without HIV infection, which provided 23,677 person-years and 2,944,760 person-years of observation, respectively. Incidence rates of pneumonia in HIV-infected individuals decreased from 50.6 hospitalizations per 1000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 42.9-59.7 hospitalizations per 1000 person-years) during 1995-1996 to 19.7 hospitalizations per 1000 person-years (95% CI, 16.2-23.8 hospitalizations per 1000 person-years) during 2005-2007. Compared with control individuals, incidence rate ratios were 34.6 (95% CI, 28.4-41.8) during 1995-1996; 6.3 (95% CI, 5.1-7.7) during 2005-2007; and 5.9 (95% CI, 4.2-7.6) during 2005-2007 for the subgroup with a CD4(+) cell count >500 cells/microL. Injection drug use, low current CD4(+) cell count, nadir CD4(+) cell count, increasing age, and no current receipt of highly active antiretroviral therapy increased the risk of pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of pneumonia in persons with HIV infection has decreased substantially since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy, but HIV infection remains a strong risk factor for the need for hospitalization to treat pneumonia, even in persons with high CD4(+) cell counts.",

author = "O.S. Sogaard and N. Lohse and J. Gerstoft and G. Kronborg and L. Ostergaard and C. Pedersen and G. Pedersen and H.T. Sorensen and N. Obel and Sogaard, {Ole S} and Nicolai Lohse and Jan Gerstoft and Gitte Kronborg and Lars Ostergaard and Court Pedersen and Gitte Pedersen and S{\o}rensen, {Henrik Toft} and Niels Obel",

year = "2008",

doi = "10.1086/592692",

language = "English",

volume = "47",

pages = "1345--53",

journal = "Clinical Infectious Diseases",

issn = "1058-4838",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "10",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Hospitalization for pneumonia among individuals with and without HIV infection, 1995-2007: a Danish population-based, nationwide cohort study.

AU - Sogaard, O.S.

AU - Lohse, N.

AU - Gerstoft, J.

AU - Kronborg, G.

AU - Ostergaard, L.

AU - Pedersen, C.

AU - Pedersen, G.

AU - Sorensen, H.T.

AU - Obel, N.

AU - Sogaard, Ole S

AU - Lohse, Nicolai

AU - Gerstoft, Jan

AU - Kronborg, Gitte

AU - Ostergaard, Lars

AU - Pedersen, Court

AU - Pedersen, Gitte

AU - Sørensen, Henrik Toft

AU - Obel, Niels

PY - 2008

Y1 - 2008

N2 - BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals with high CD4(+) cell counts may have increased susceptibility to other infections. We compared incidence rates of pneumonia among individuals with and without HIV infection and explored risk factors for pneumonia in the HIV-infected population. METHODS: This was an observational cohort study conducted during 1995-2007. Each member of a Danish population-based nationwide cohort of HIV-infected individuals was matched with up to 99 control individuals from the general population. Data on age, mortality, emigration, and hospital discharge diagnoses from 1977 onward were obtained from nationwide administrative databases. Individuals without previous hospitalization for pneumonia were observed from the date of HIV diagnosis until the first hospitalization to treat pneumonia (excluding pneumonia attributable to Pneumocystis jiroveci). Risk factors were assessed by Poisson regression. RESULTS: The study included 3516 persons with HIV infection and 328,738 persons without HIV infection, which provided 23,677 person-years and 2,944,760 person-years of observation, respectively. Incidence rates of pneumonia in HIV-infected individuals decreased from 50.6 hospitalizations per 1000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 42.9-59.7 hospitalizations per 1000 person-years) during 1995-1996 to 19.7 hospitalizations per 1000 person-years (95% CI, 16.2-23.8 hospitalizations per 1000 person-years) during 2005-2007. Compared with control individuals, incidence rate ratios were 34.6 (95% CI, 28.4-41.8) during 1995-1996; 6.3 (95% CI, 5.1-7.7) during 2005-2007; and 5.9 (95% CI, 4.2-7.6) during 2005-2007 for the subgroup with a CD4(+) cell count >500 cells/microL. Injection drug use, low current CD4(+) cell count, nadir CD4(+) cell count, increasing age, and no current receipt of highly active antiretroviral therapy increased the risk of pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of pneumonia in persons with HIV infection has decreased substantially since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy, but HIV infection remains a strong risk factor for the need for hospitalization to treat pneumonia, even in persons with high CD4(+) cell counts.

AB - BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals with high CD4(+) cell counts may have increased susceptibility to other infections. We compared incidence rates of pneumonia among individuals with and without HIV infection and explored risk factors for pneumonia in the HIV-infected population. METHODS: This was an observational cohort study conducted during 1995-2007. Each member of a Danish population-based nationwide cohort of HIV-infected individuals was matched with up to 99 control individuals from the general population. Data on age, mortality, emigration, and hospital discharge diagnoses from 1977 onward were obtained from nationwide administrative databases. Individuals without previous hospitalization for pneumonia were observed from the date of HIV diagnosis until the first hospitalization to treat pneumonia (excluding pneumonia attributable to Pneumocystis jiroveci). Risk factors were assessed by Poisson regression. RESULTS: The study included 3516 persons with HIV infection and 328,738 persons without HIV infection, which provided 23,677 person-years and 2,944,760 person-years of observation, respectively. Incidence rates of pneumonia in HIV-infected individuals decreased from 50.6 hospitalizations per 1000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 42.9-59.7 hospitalizations per 1000 person-years) during 1995-1996 to 19.7 hospitalizations per 1000 person-years (95% CI, 16.2-23.8 hospitalizations per 1000 person-years) during 2005-2007. Compared with control individuals, incidence rate ratios were 34.6 (95% CI, 28.4-41.8) during 1995-1996; 6.3 (95% CI, 5.1-7.7) during 2005-2007; and 5.9 (95% CI, 4.2-7.6) during 2005-2007 for the subgroup with a CD4(+) cell count >500 cells/microL. Injection drug use, low current CD4(+) cell count, nadir CD4(+) cell count, increasing age, and no current receipt of highly active antiretroviral therapy increased the risk of pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of pneumonia in persons with HIV infection has decreased substantially since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy, but HIV infection remains a strong risk factor for the need for hospitalization to treat pneumonia, even in persons with high CD4(+) cell counts.

U2 - 10.1086/592692

DO - 10.1086/592692

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 18834317

SN - 1058-4838

VL - 47

SP - 1345

EP - 1353

JO - Clinical Infectious Diseases

JF - Clinical Infectious Diseases

IS - 10

ER -

Hospitalization for pneumonia among individuals with and without HIV infection, 1995-2007: a Danish population-based, nationwide cohort study.

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