Graphene and the universality of the quantum Hall effect

A. Tzalenchuk; T. J.B.M. Janssen; O. Kazakova; J. M. Williams; S. Kubatkin; S. Lara-Avila; K. Moth-Poulsen; R. Yakimova; T. Bjørnholm; N. E. Fletcher; R. Goebel; S. V. Kopylov; V. Fal'Ko

doi:10.3254/978-1-61499-326-1-323

Graphene and the universality of the quantum Hall effect

A. Tzalenchuk, T. J.B.M. Janssen, O. Kazakova, J. M. Williams, S. Kubatkin, S. Lara-Avila, K. Moth-Poulsen, R. Yakimova, T. Bjørnholm, N. E. Fletcher, R. Goebel, S. V. Kopylov, V. Fal'Ko

Kemisk Institut

Abstract

The quantum Hall effect allows the standard for resistance to be defined in terms of the elementary charge and Planck's constant alone. The effect comprises the quantization of the Hall resistance in two-dimensional electron systems in rational fractions of R_K=h/e²=25812.8074434(84) Ω (Mohr P. J. et al., Rev. Mod. Phys., 84 (2012) 1527), the resistance quantum. Despite 30 years of research into the quantum Hall effect, the level of precision necessary for metrology, a few parts per billion, has been achieved only in silicon and III-V heterostructure devices. In this lecture we show that graphene - a single layer of carbon atoms - beats these well-established semiconductor materials as the system of choice for the realisation of the quantum resistance standard. Here we shall briefly describe graphene technology, discuss the structure and electronic properties of graphene, including the unconventional quantum Hall effect and then present in detail the route, which led to the most precise quantum Hall resistance universality test ever performed.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Titel	Proceedings of the International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi" : Metrology and Physical Constants
Antal sider	28
Vol/bind	185
Forlag	IOS Press
Publikationsdato	2013
Sider	323-350
ISBN (Trykt)	9781614993254
DOI	https://doi.org/10.3254/978-1-61499-326-1-323
Status	Udgivet - 2013
Begivenhed	International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi" on Metrology and Physical Constants - Varenna, Italien Varighed: 17 jul. 2012 → 27 jul. 2012

Konference

Konference	International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi" on Metrology and Physical Constants
Land/Område	Italien
By	Varenna
Periode	17/07/2012 → 27/07/2012
Sponsor	CRT Foundation, Lecco Chamber of Commerce, National Council of Research, National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Thermo Fisher Scientific

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10.3254/978-1-61499-326-1-323

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Tzalenchuk, A., Janssen, T. J. B. M., Kazakova, O., Williams, J. M., Kubatkin, S., Lara-Avila, S., Moth-Poulsen, K., Yakimova, R., Bjørnholm, T., Fletcher, N. E., Goebel, R., Kopylov, S. V., & Fal'Ko, V. (2013). Graphene and the universality of the quantum Hall effect. I Proceedings of the International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi": Metrology and Physical Constants (Bind 185, s. 323-350). IOS Press. https://doi.org/10.3254/978-1-61499-326-1-323

Tzalenchuk, A, Janssen, TJBM, Kazakova, O, Williams, JM, Kubatkin, S, Lara-Avila, S, Moth-Poulsen, K, Yakimova, R, Bjørnholm, T, Fletcher, NE, Goebel, R, Kopylov, SV & Fal'Ko, V 2013, Graphene and the universality of the quantum Hall effect. i Proceedings of the International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi": Metrology and Physical Constants. bind 185, IOS Press, s. 323-350, International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi" on Metrology and Physical Constants, Varenna, Italien, 17/07/2012. https://doi.org/10.3254/978-1-61499-326-1-323

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abstract = "The quantum Hall effect allows the standard for resistance to be defined in terms of the elementary charge and Planck's constant alone. The effect comprises the quantization of the Hall resistance in two-dimensional electron systems in rational fractions of RK=h/e2=25812.8074434(84) Ω (Mohr P. J. et al., Rev. Mod. Phys., 84 (2012) 1527), the resistance quantum. Despite 30 years of research into the quantum Hall effect, the level of precision necessary for metrology, a few parts per billion, has been achieved only in silicon and III-V heterostructure devices. In this lecture we show that graphene - a single layer of carbon atoms - beats these well-established semiconductor materials as the system of choice for the realisation of the quantum resistance standard. Here we shall briefly describe graphene technology, discuss the structure and electronic properties of graphene, including the unconventional quantum Hall effect and then present in detail the route, which led to the most precise quantum Hall resistance universality test ever performed.",

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AU - Janssen, T. J.B.M.

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AU - Williams, J. M.

AU - Kubatkin, S.

AU - Lara-Avila, S.

AU - Moth-Poulsen, K.

AU - Yakimova, R.

AU - Bjørnholm, T.

AU - Fletcher, N. E.

AU - Goebel, R.

AU - Kopylov, S. V.

AU - Fal'Ko, V.

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AB - The quantum Hall effect allows the standard for resistance to be defined in terms of the elementary charge and Planck's constant alone. The effect comprises the quantization of the Hall resistance in two-dimensional electron systems in rational fractions of RK=h/e2=25812.8074434(84) Ω (Mohr P. J. et al., Rev. Mod. Phys., 84 (2012) 1527), the resistance quantum. Despite 30 years of research into the quantum Hall effect, the level of precision necessary for metrology, a few parts per billion, has been achieved only in silicon and III-V heterostructure devices. In this lecture we show that graphene - a single layer of carbon atoms - beats these well-established semiconductor materials as the system of choice for the realisation of the quantum resistance standard. Here we shall briefly describe graphene technology, discuss the structure and electronic properties of graphene, including the unconventional quantum Hall effect and then present in detail the route, which led to the most precise quantum Hall resistance universality test ever performed.

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BT - Proceedings of the International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi"

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T2 - International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi" on Metrology and Physical Constants

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ER -

Graphene and the universality of the quantum Hall effect

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