Fractional laser-assisted delivery of methyl aminolevulinate: Impact of laser channel depth and incubation time

Christina S Haak; William A Farinelli; Joshua Tam; Apostolos G Doukas; R Rox Anderson; Merete Haedersdal

doi:10.1002/lsm.22102

Fractional laser-assisted delivery of methyl aminolevulinate: Impact of laser channel depth and incubation time

Christina S Haak, William A Farinelli, Joshua Tam, Apostolos G Doukas, R Rox Anderson, Merete Haedersdal

56 Citationer (Scopus)

Abstract

Background and Objectives Pretreatment of skin with ablative fractional lasers (AFXL) enhances the uptake of topical photosensitizers used in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Distribution of photosensitizer into skin layers may depend on depth of laser channels and incubation time. This study evaluates whether depth of intradermal laser channels and incubation time may affect AFXL-assisted delivery of methyl aminolevulinate (MAL). Materials and Methods Yorkshire swine were treated with CO₂ AFXL at energy levels of 37, 190, and 380 mJ/laser channel and subsequent application of MAL cream (Metvix®) for 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes incubation time. Fluorescence photography and fluorescence microscopy quantified MAL-induced porphyrin fluorescence (PpIX) at the skin surface and at five specific skin depths (120, 500, 1,000, 1,500, and 1,800 μm). Results Laser channels penetrated into superficial (∼300 μm), mid (∼1,400 μm), and deep dermis/upper subcutaneous fat layer (∼2,100 μm). Similar fluorescence intensities were induced at the skin surface and throughout skin layers independent of laser channel depth (180 minutes; P < 0.19). AFXL accelerated PpIX fluorescence from skin surface to deep dermis. After laser exposure and 60 minutes MAL incubation, surface fluorescence was significantly higher compared to intact, not laser-exposed skin at 180 minutes (AFXL-MAL 60 minutes vs. MAL 180 minutes, 69.16 a.u. vs. 23.49 a.u.; P < 0.01). Through all skin layers (120-1,800 μm), laser exposure and 120 minutes MAL incubation induced significantly higher fluorescence intensities in HF and dermis than non-laser exposed sites at 180 minutes (1,800 μm, AFXL-MAL 120 minutes vs. MAL 180 minutes, HF 14.76 a.u. vs. 6.69 a.u. and dermis 6.98 a.u. vs. 5.87 a.u.; P < 0.01). Conclusions AFXL pretreatment accelerates PpIX accumulation, but intradermal depth of laser channels does not affect porphyrin accumulation. Further studies are required to examine these findings in clinical trials.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Tidsskrift	Lasers in Surgery and Medicine
Vol/bind	44
Udgave nummer	10
Sider (fra-til)	787-95
Antal sider	9
ISSN	0196-8092
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1002/lsm.22102
Status	Udgivet - dec. 2012

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10.1002/lsm.22102

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/lsm.22102

Citationsformater

@article{891ebc8d5b8948ba9e3eab3fdbf3b86d,

title = "Fractional laser-assisted delivery of methyl aminolevulinate: Impact of laser channel depth and incubation time",

abstract = "Background and Objectives Pretreatment of skin with ablative fractional lasers (AFXL) enhances the uptake of topical photosensitizers used in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Distribution of photosensitizer into skin layers may depend on depth of laser channels and incubation time. This study evaluates whether depth of intradermal laser channels and incubation time may affect AFXL-assisted delivery of methyl aminolevulinate (MAL). Materials and Methods Yorkshire swine were treated with CO2 AFXL at energy levels of 37, 190, and 380 mJ/laser channel and subsequent application of MAL cream (Metvix{\textregistered}) for 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes incubation time. Fluorescence photography and fluorescence microscopy quantified MAL-induced porphyrin fluorescence (PpIX) at the skin surface and at five specific skin depths (120, 500, 1,000, 1,500, and 1,800 μm). Results Laser channels penetrated into superficial (∼300 μm), mid (∼1,400 μm), and deep dermis/upper subcutaneous fat layer (∼2,100 μm). Similar fluorescence intensities were induced at the skin surface and throughout skin layers independent of laser channel depth (180 minutes; P < 0.19). AFXL accelerated PpIX fluorescence from skin surface to deep dermis. After laser exposure and 60 minutes MAL incubation, surface fluorescence was significantly higher compared to intact, not laser-exposed skin at 180 minutes (AFXL-MAL 60 minutes vs. MAL 180 minutes, 69.16 a.u. vs. 23.49 a.u.; P < 0.01). Through all skin layers (120-1,800 μm), laser exposure and 120 minutes MAL incubation induced significantly higher fluorescence intensities in HF and dermis than non-laser exposed sites at 180 minutes (1,800 μm, AFXL-MAL 120 minutes vs. MAL 180 minutes, HF 14.76 a.u. vs. 6.69 a.u. and dermis 6.98 a.u. vs. 5.87 a.u.; P < 0.01). Conclusions AFXL pretreatment accelerates PpIX accumulation, but intradermal depth of laser channels does not affect porphyrin accumulation. Further studies are required to examine these findings in clinical trials.",

author = "Haak, {Christina S} and Farinelli, {William A} and Joshua Tam and Doukas, {Apostolos G} and Anderson, {R Rox} and Merete Haedersdal",

note = "Copyright {\textcopyright} 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.",

year = "2012",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1002/lsm.22102",

language = "English",

volume = "44",

pages = "787--95",

journal = "Lasers in Surgery and Medicine",

issn = "0196-8092",

publisher = "JohnWiley & Sons, Inc.",

number = "10",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Fractional laser-assisted delivery of methyl aminolevulinate

T2 - Impact of laser channel depth and incubation time

AU - Haak, Christina S

AU - Farinelli, William A

AU - Tam, Joshua

AU - Doukas, Apostolos G

AU - Anderson, R Rox

AU - Haedersdal, Merete

PY - 2012/12

Y1 - 2012/12

N2 - Background and Objectives Pretreatment of skin with ablative fractional lasers (AFXL) enhances the uptake of topical photosensitizers used in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Distribution of photosensitizer into skin layers may depend on depth of laser channels and incubation time. This study evaluates whether depth of intradermal laser channels and incubation time may affect AFXL-assisted delivery of methyl aminolevulinate (MAL). Materials and Methods Yorkshire swine were treated with CO2 AFXL at energy levels of 37, 190, and 380 mJ/laser channel and subsequent application of MAL cream (Metvix®) for 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes incubation time. Fluorescence photography and fluorescence microscopy quantified MAL-induced porphyrin fluorescence (PpIX) at the skin surface and at five specific skin depths (120, 500, 1,000, 1,500, and 1,800 μm). Results Laser channels penetrated into superficial (∼300 μm), mid (∼1,400 μm), and deep dermis/upper subcutaneous fat layer (∼2,100 μm). Similar fluorescence intensities were induced at the skin surface and throughout skin layers independent of laser channel depth (180 minutes; P < 0.19). AFXL accelerated PpIX fluorescence from skin surface to deep dermis. After laser exposure and 60 minutes MAL incubation, surface fluorescence was significantly higher compared to intact, not laser-exposed skin at 180 minutes (AFXL-MAL 60 minutes vs. MAL 180 minutes, 69.16 a.u. vs. 23.49 a.u.; P < 0.01). Through all skin layers (120-1,800 μm), laser exposure and 120 minutes MAL incubation induced significantly higher fluorescence intensities in HF and dermis than non-laser exposed sites at 180 minutes (1,800 μm, AFXL-MAL 120 minutes vs. MAL 180 minutes, HF 14.76 a.u. vs. 6.69 a.u. and dermis 6.98 a.u. vs. 5.87 a.u.; P < 0.01). Conclusions AFXL pretreatment accelerates PpIX accumulation, but intradermal depth of laser channels does not affect porphyrin accumulation. Further studies are required to examine these findings in clinical trials.

AB - Background and Objectives Pretreatment of skin with ablative fractional lasers (AFXL) enhances the uptake of topical photosensitizers used in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Distribution of photosensitizer into skin layers may depend on depth of laser channels and incubation time. This study evaluates whether depth of intradermal laser channels and incubation time may affect AFXL-assisted delivery of methyl aminolevulinate (MAL). Materials and Methods Yorkshire swine were treated with CO2 AFXL at energy levels of 37, 190, and 380 mJ/laser channel and subsequent application of MAL cream (Metvix®) for 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes incubation time. Fluorescence photography and fluorescence microscopy quantified MAL-induced porphyrin fluorescence (PpIX) at the skin surface and at five specific skin depths (120, 500, 1,000, 1,500, and 1,800 μm). Results Laser channels penetrated into superficial (∼300 μm), mid (∼1,400 μm), and deep dermis/upper subcutaneous fat layer (∼2,100 μm). Similar fluorescence intensities were induced at the skin surface and throughout skin layers independent of laser channel depth (180 minutes; P < 0.19). AFXL accelerated PpIX fluorescence from skin surface to deep dermis. After laser exposure and 60 minutes MAL incubation, surface fluorescence was significantly higher compared to intact, not laser-exposed skin at 180 minutes (AFXL-MAL 60 minutes vs. MAL 180 minutes, 69.16 a.u. vs. 23.49 a.u.; P < 0.01). Through all skin layers (120-1,800 μm), laser exposure and 120 minutes MAL incubation induced significantly higher fluorescence intensities in HF and dermis than non-laser exposed sites at 180 minutes (1,800 μm, AFXL-MAL 120 minutes vs. MAL 180 minutes, HF 14.76 a.u. vs. 6.69 a.u. and dermis 6.98 a.u. vs. 5.87 a.u.; P < 0.01). Conclusions AFXL pretreatment accelerates PpIX accumulation, but intradermal depth of laser channels does not affect porphyrin accumulation. Further studies are required to examine these findings in clinical trials.

U2 - 10.1002/lsm.22102

DO - 10.1002/lsm.22102

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 23212624

SN - 0196-8092

VL - 44

SP - 787

EP - 795

JO - Lasers in Surgery and Medicine

JF - Lasers in Surgery and Medicine

IS - 10

ER -

Fractional laser-assisted delivery of methyl aminolevulinate: Impact of laser channel depth and incubation time

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