Fifty thousand years of Arctic vegetation and megafaunal diet

Eske Willerslev; John Davison; Mari Moora; Martin Zobel; Eric Coissac; Mary E. Edwards; Eline Lorenzen; Mette Vestergård; Galina Gussarova; James Seymour Haile; Joseph Craine; Ludovic Gielly; Sanne Boessenkool; Laura S. Epp; Peter B. Pearman; Rachid Cheddadi; David Murray; Kari Anne Bråthen; Nigel Yoccoz; Heather Binney; Corinne Cruaud; Patrick Wincker; Tomasz Goslar; Inger Greve Alsos; Eva Bellemain; Anne Krag Brysting; Reidar Elven; Jørn Henrik Sønstebø; Julian Murton; Andrei Sher; Morten Rasmussen; Regin Rønn; Tobias Mourier; Alan Cooper; Jeremy Austin; Per Möller; Duane Froese; Grant Zazula; Francois Pompanon; Delphine Rioux; Vincent Niderkorn; Alexei Tikhonov; Grigoriy Savvinov; Richard G. Roberts; Ross D.E. MacPhee; M. Thomas P. Gilbert; Kurt H. Kjær; Ludovic Antoine Alexandre Orlando; Christian Brochmann; Pierre Taberlet

doi:10.1038/nature12921

Fifty thousand years of Arctic vegetation and megafaunal diet

Eske Willerslev, John Davison, Mari Moora, Martin Zobel, Eric Coissac, Mary E. Edwards, Eline Lorenzen, Mette Vestergård, Galina Gussarova, James Seymour Haile, Joseph Craine, Ludovic Gielly, Sanne Boessenkool, Laura S. Epp, Peter B. Pearman, Rachid Cheddadi, David Murray, Kari Anne Bråthen, Nigel Yoccoz, Heather BinneyCorinne Cruaud, Patrick Wincker, Tomasz Goslar, Inger Greve Alsos, Eva Bellemain, Anne Krag Brysting, Reidar Elven, Jørn Henrik Sønstebø, Julian Murton, Andrei Sher, Morten Rasmussen, Regin Rønn, Tobias Mourier, Alan Cooper, Jeremy Austin, Per Möller, Duane Froese, Grant Zazula, Francois Pompanon, Delphine Rioux, Vincent Niderkorn, Alexei Tikhonov, Grigoriy Savvinov, Richard G. Roberts, Ross D.E. MacPhee, M. Thomas P. Gilbert, Kurt H. Kjær, Ludovic Antoine Alexandre Orlando, Christian Brochmann, Pierre Taberlet

Terrestrial Ecology

304 Citationer (Scopus)

Abstract

Although it is generally agreed that the Arctic flora is among the youngest and least diverse on Earth, the processes that shaped it are poorly understood. Here we present 50 thousand years (kyr) of Arctic vegetation history, derived from the first large-scale ancient DNA metabarcoding study of circumpolar plant diversity. For this interval we also explore nematode diversity as a proxy for modelling vegetation cover and soil quality, and diets of herbivorous megafaunal mammals, many of which became extinct around 10 kyr bp (before present). For much of the period investigated, Arctic vegetation consisted of dry steppe-tundra dominated by forbs (non-graminoid herbaceous vascular plants). During the Last Glacial Maximum (25-15 kyr bp), diversity declined markedly, although forbs remained dominant. Much changed after 10 kyr bp, with the appearance of moist tundra dominated by woody plants and graminoids. Our analyses indicate that both graminoids and forbs would have featured in megafaunal diets. As such, our findings question the predominance of a Late Quaternary graminoid-dominated Arctic mammoth steppe.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Tidsskrift	Nature
Vol/bind	506
Udgave nummer	7486
Sider (fra-til)	47-51
Antal sider	5
ISSN	0028-0836
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12921
Status	Udgivet - 2014

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10.1038/nature12921

Citationsformater

Willerslev, E., Davison, J., Moora, M., Zobel, M., Coissac, E., Edwards, M. E., Lorenzen, E., Vestergård, M., Gussarova, G., Haile, J. S., Craine, J., Gielly, L., Boessenkool, S., Epp, L. S., Pearman, P. B., Cheddadi, R., Murray, D., Bråthen, K. A., Yoccoz, N., ... Taberlet, P. (2014). Fifty thousand years of Arctic vegetation and megafaunal diet. Nature, 506(7486), 47-51. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12921

Willerslev, E, Davison, J, Moora, M, Zobel, M, Coissac, E, Edwards, ME, Lorenzen, E, Vestergård, M, Gussarova, G, Haile, JS, Craine, J, Gielly, L, Boessenkool, S, Epp, LS, Pearman, PB, Cheddadi, R, Murray, D, Bråthen, KA, Yoccoz, N, Binney, H, Cruaud, C, Wincker, P, Goslar, T, Alsos, IG, Bellemain, E, Brysting, AK, Elven, R, Sønstebø, JH, Murton, J, Sher, A, Rasmussen, M, Rønn, R, Mourier, T, Cooper, A, Austin, J, Möller, P, Froese, D, Zazula, G, Pompanon, F, Rioux, D, Niderkorn, V, Tikhonov, A, Savvinov, G, Roberts, RG, MacPhee, RDE, Gilbert, MTP , Kjær, KH, Orlando, LAA, Brochmann, C & Taberlet, P 2014, 'Fifty thousand years of Arctic vegetation and megafaunal diet', Nature, bind 506, nr. 7486, s. 47-51. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12921

@article{a885ad235c6c447d83ac54b96a374c35,

title = "Fifty thousand years of Arctic vegetation and megafaunal diet",

abstract = "Although it is generally agreed that the Arctic flora is among the youngest and least diverse on Earth, the processes that shaped it are poorly understood. Here we present 50 thousand years (kyr) of Arctic vegetation history, derived from the first large-scale ancient DNA metabarcoding study of circumpolar plant diversity. For this interval we also explore nematode diversity as a proxy for modelling vegetation cover and soil quality, and diets of herbivorous megafaunal mammals, many of which became extinct around 10 kyr bp (before present). For much of the period investigated, Arctic vegetation consisted of dry steppe-tundra dominated by forbs (non-graminoid herbaceous vascular plants). During the Last Glacial Maximum (25-15 kyr bp), diversity declined markedly, although forbs remained dominant. Much changed after 10 kyr bp, with the appearance of moist tundra dominated by woody plants and graminoids. Our analyses indicate that both graminoids and forbs would have featured in megafaunal diets. As such, our findings question the predominance of a Late Quaternary graminoid-dominated Arctic mammoth steppe.",

author = "Eske Willerslev and John Davison and Mari Moora and Martin Zobel and Eric Coissac and Edwards, {Mary E.} and Eline Lorenzen and Mette Vesterg{\aa}rd and Galina Gussarova and Haile, {James Seymour} and Joseph Craine and Ludovic Gielly and Sanne Boessenkool and Epp, {Laura S.} and Pearman, {Peter B.} and Rachid Cheddadi and David Murray and Br{\aa}then, {Kari Anne} and Nigel Yoccoz and Heather Binney and Corinne Cruaud and Patrick Wincker and Tomasz Goslar and Alsos, {Inger Greve} and Eva Bellemain and Brysting, {Anne Krag} and Reidar Elven and S{\o}nsteb{\o}, {J{\o}rn Henrik} and Julian Murton and Andrei Sher and Morten Rasmussen and Regin R{\o}nn and Tobias Mourier and Alan Cooper and Jeremy Austin and Per M{\"o}ller and Duane Froese and Grant Zazula and Francois Pompanon and Delphine Rioux and Vincent Niderkorn and Alexei Tikhonov and Grigoriy Savvinov and Roberts, {Richard G.} and MacPhee, {Ross D.E.} and Gilbert, {M. Thomas P.} and Kj{\ae}r, {Kurt H.} and Orlando, {Ludovic Antoine Alexandre} and Christian Brochmann and Pierre Taberlet",

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language = "English",

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T1 - Fifty thousand years of Arctic vegetation and megafaunal diet

AU - Willerslev, Eske

AU - Davison, John

AU - Moora, Mari

AU - Zobel, Martin

AU - Coissac, Eric

AU - Edwards, Mary E.

AU - Lorenzen, Eline

AU - Vestergård, Mette

AU - Gussarova, Galina

AU - Haile, James Seymour

AU - Craine, Joseph

AU - Gielly, Ludovic

AU - Boessenkool, Sanne

AU - Epp, Laura S.

AU - Pearman, Peter B.

AU - Cheddadi, Rachid

AU - Murray, David

AU - Bråthen, Kari Anne

AU - Yoccoz, Nigel

AU - Binney, Heather

AU - Cruaud, Corinne

AU - Wincker, Patrick

AU - Goslar, Tomasz

AU - Alsos, Inger Greve

AU - Bellemain, Eva

AU - Brysting, Anne Krag

AU - Elven, Reidar

AU - Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik

AU - Murton, Julian

AU - Sher, Andrei

AU - Rasmussen, Morten

AU - Rønn, Regin

AU - Mourier, Tobias

AU - Cooper, Alan

AU - Austin, Jeremy

AU - Möller, Per

AU - Froese, Duane

AU - Zazula, Grant

AU - Pompanon, Francois

AU - Rioux, Delphine

AU - Niderkorn, Vincent

AU - Tikhonov, Alexei

AU - Savvinov, Grigoriy

AU - Roberts, Richard G.

AU - MacPhee, Ross D.E.

AU - Gilbert, M. Thomas P.

AU - Kjær, Kurt H.

AU - Orlando, Ludovic Antoine Alexandre

AU - Brochmann, Christian

AU - Taberlet, Pierre

PY - 2014

Y1 - 2014

N2 - Although it is generally agreed that the Arctic flora is among the youngest and least diverse on Earth, the processes that shaped it are poorly understood. Here we present 50 thousand years (kyr) of Arctic vegetation history, derived from the first large-scale ancient DNA metabarcoding study of circumpolar plant diversity. For this interval we also explore nematode diversity as a proxy for modelling vegetation cover and soil quality, and diets of herbivorous megafaunal mammals, many of which became extinct around 10 kyr bp (before present). For much of the period investigated, Arctic vegetation consisted of dry steppe-tundra dominated by forbs (non-graminoid herbaceous vascular plants). During the Last Glacial Maximum (25-15 kyr bp), diversity declined markedly, although forbs remained dominant. Much changed after 10 kyr bp, with the appearance of moist tundra dominated by woody plants and graminoids. Our analyses indicate that both graminoids and forbs would have featured in megafaunal diets. As such, our findings question the predominance of a Late Quaternary graminoid-dominated Arctic mammoth steppe.

AB - Although it is generally agreed that the Arctic flora is among the youngest and least diverse on Earth, the processes that shaped it are poorly understood. Here we present 50 thousand years (kyr) of Arctic vegetation history, derived from the first large-scale ancient DNA metabarcoding study of circumpolar plant diversity. For this interval we also explore nematode diversity as a proxy for modelling vegetation cover and soil quality, and diets of herbivorous megafaunal mammals, many of which became extinct around 10 kyr bp (before present). For much of the period investigated, Arctic vegetation consisted of dry steppe-tundra dominated by forbs (non-graminoid herbaceous vascular plants). During the Last Glacial Maximum (25-15 kyr bp), diversity declined markedly, although forbs remained dominant. Much changed after 10 kyr bp, with the appearance of moist tundra dominated by woody plants and graminoids. Our analyses indicate that both graminoids and forbs would have featured in megafaunal diets. As such, our findings question the predominance of a Late Quaternary graminoid-dominated Arctic mammoth steppe.

U2 - 10.1038/nature12921

DO - 10.1038/nature12921

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 24499916

SN - 0028-0836

VL - 506

SP - 47

EP - 51

JO - Nature

JF - Nature

IS - 7486

ER -

Fifty thousand years of Arctic vegetation and megafaunal diet

Abstract

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