Encephalitis in primary HIV infection: challenges in diagnosis and treatment

TY - JOUR

T1 - Encephalitis in primary HIV infection

T2 - challenges in diagnosis and treatment

AU - Helleberg, M

AU - Kirk, O

PY - 2013/1

Y1 - 2013/1

N2 - We report a case of primary HIV encephalitis, which initially presented as acute psychosis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was suggestive of vasculitis and multiple infarctions, whereas a brain biopsy after six weeks of symptoms showed HIV encephalitis with microglial nodules, but no signs of vasculitis. We review previous reported cases and radiological findings in HIV encephalitis and discuss the role of antiretroviral therapy and steroids in its management.

AB - We report a case of primary HIV encephalitis, which initially presented as acute psychosis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was suggestive of vasculitis and multiple infarctions, whereas a brain biopsy after six weeks of symptoms showed HIV encephalitis with microglial nodules, but no signs of vasculitis. We review previous reported cases and radiological findings in HIV encephalitis and discuss the role of antiretroviral therapy and steroids in its management.

KW - Adult

KW - Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active

KW - Biopsy

KW - Brain

KW - Diagnosis, Differential

KW - Encephalitis, Viral

KW - HIV Infections

KW - Homosexuality, Male

KW - Humans

KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging

KW - Male

KW - Psychotic Disorders

KW - RNA, Viral

KW - Treatment Outcome

U2 - 10.1177/0956462412472806

DO - 10.1177/0956462412472806

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 23970754

SN - 0956-4624

VL - 24

SP - 489

EP - 493

JO - International Journal of S T D & A I D S

JF - International Journal of S T D & A I D S

IS - 6

ER -