Archaeopteryx

Bent Erik Kramer Lindow

Archaeopteryx

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Abstract

Archaeopteryx' betydning som et evolutionært ikon kan ikke undervurderes. Fra et palæontologisk og zoologisk synspunkt markerer den oprindelsen af en meget succesfuld større gruppe af hvirveldyr: fugle. På trods af næsten 150 års efterfølgende fossilfund, er der stadig ikke fundet en fugl, der er ældre og mere primitiv end Archaeopteryx. Den er derfor den geologisk set ældst kendte fugl. Spørgsmålet om Archaeopteryx' sande slægtskab har ansporet talrige studier indenfor områder omkring fuglenes oprindelse, flyvningens udvikling og fjer, hvilket igen har givet en meget dybere indsigt i emner som fugles flyvning, fjernes udvikling, og de makroevolutionære processer som leder til fremkomsten af helt nye dyregrupper. Palæontologerne har nu også meget klarere forståelse for dinosaurernes biologi og fysiologi igennem direkte studier af deres nulevende efterkommere, fuglene.

Set fra en historisk vinkel kunne opdagelsen af Archaeopteryx kun to år efter udgivelsen af førsteudgaven af Arternes oprindelse ikke være meget vellykket. Det skete på et tidspunkt, hvor evolutionsteorien lige var begyndt at ændre det almindelige verdenssyn dramatisk. Archaeopteryx hjalp mere end så meget andet med at hævde Darwins teori, selvom evolutionsmodstandere forsøgte at afvise dens sande natur næsten lige fra det tidspunkt hvor den dukkede op på den videnskabelige scene. På trods af disse angreb er Achaeopteryx et af de bedste eksempler, hvis ikke det bedste eksempel på en darwinistisk "overgangsform".

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Titel	Icons of Evolution : An Encyclopedia of People, Evidence, and Controversies.
Redaktører	Brian Regal
Antal sider	28
Vol/bind	2
Udgivelsessted	Westport, Connecticut, USA
Forlag	ABC-CLIO/Greenwood
Publikationsdato	2008
Udgave	1
Sider	361-388
ISBN (Trykt)	978-0-313-33913-4
Status	Udgivet - 2008

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abstract = "The importance of Archaeopteryx as an icon of evolution cannot be understated. From a paleontological and zoological viewpoint it marks the origin of a very successful, major vertebrate group: birds. Also, despite nearly 150 years of continued fossil discoveries, no fossil bird has been found that is older and more primitive than Archaeopteryx . Thus it remains the geologically oldest known bird. The question of the true relationships of Archaeopteryx has spurred countless studies of areas related to the origin of birds, bird flight, and feathers, which in turn have given us a much deeper insight into subjects such as bird flight, feather evolution, and the macro-evolutionary processes which lead to the emergence of radically new animal groups. It is now also possible for paleontologists to gain a much clearer understanding of the biology and physiology of the dinosaurs, through direct studies of their living descendants, the birds.From a historical point of view the discovery of Archaeopteryx just two years after the publication of the first edition of Origin of Species , could not have been more fortuitous. Its discovery came at the time when the theory of evolution was beginning to dramatically change the common view of the world. Archaeopteryx , more than anything else, helped vindicate Darwin's theory, despite the fact that anti-evolutionists tried to disprove its nature almost exactly from the moment it appeared on the scientific stage. Despite these attacks, it has stood the test of time and is one of the best examples, if not the best example, of a Darwinian {"}transitory form.{"} ",

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AB - The importance of Archaeopteryx as an icon of evolution cannot be understated. From a paleontological and zoological viewpoint it marks the origin of a very successful, major vertebrate group: birds. Also, despite nearly 150 years of continued fossil discoveries, no fossil bird has been found that is older and more primitive than Archaeopteryx . Thus it remains the geologically oldest known bird. The question of the true relationships of Archaeopteryx has spurred countless studies of areas related to the origin of birds, bird flight, and feathers, which in turn have given us a much deeper insight into subjects such as bird flight, feather evolution, and the macro-evolutionary processes which lead to the emergence of radically new animal groups. It is now also possible for paleontologists to gain a much clearer understanding of the biology and physiology of the dinosaurs, through direct studies of their living descendants, the birds.From a historical point of view the discovery of Archaeopteryx just two years after the publication of the first edition of Origin of Species , could not have been more fortuitous. Its discovery came at the time when the theory of evolution was beginning to dramatically change the common view of the world. Archaeopteryx , more than anything else, helped vindicate Darwin's theory, despite the fact that anti-evolutionists tried to disprove its nature almost exactly from the moment it appeared on the scientific stage. Despite these attacks, it has stood the test of time and is one of the best examples, if not the best example, of a Darwinian "transitory form."

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PB - ABC-CLIO/Greenwood

CY - Westport, Connecticut, USA

ER -

Archaeopteryx

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