TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of GH in human muscle and fat
AU - Jørgensen, Jens Otto Lunde
AU - Rubeck, Kristine Zøylner
AU - Nielsen, Thomas Svava
AU - Clasen, Berthil Frederik Forrest
AU - Vendelboe, Mikkel
AU - Hafstrøm, Thomas Krusenstjerna-
AU - Madsen, Michael
AU - Lund, Sten
PY - 2010/4
Y1 - 2010/4
N2 - Skeletal muscle is the major constituent of lean body mass and a major determinant of energy expenditure both at rest and during physical activity. Growth hormone, in turn, influences muscle mass as well as energy expenditure. Growth hormone substitution in adults increases muscle mass by 5-10%, but part of the effect is attributed to rehydration rather than protein accretion. In addition, GH regulates substrate metabolism in muscle and in particular antagonizes insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. This effect is linked to increased free fatty acid (FFA) flux but the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. During fasting, GH-induced insulin resistance may be favorable by reducing the demand of gluconeogenesis from protein. But in the postprandial phase, GH exposure may compromise glucose tolerance via the same mechanisms. Understanding the mechanisms whereby GH antagonizes insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in muscle is an important future research field with implications for a variety of clinical conditions ranging from malnutrition to obesity and type 2 diabetes.
AB - Skeletal muscle is the major constituent of lean body mass and a major determinant of energy expenditure both at rest and during physical activity. Growth hormone, in turn, influences muscle mass as well as energy expenditure. Growth hormone substitution in adults increases muscle mass by 5-10%, but part of the effect is attributed to rehydration rather than protein accretion. In addition, GH regulates substrate metabolism in muscle and in particular antagonizes insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. This effect is linked to increased free fatty acid (FFA) flux but the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. During fasting, GH-induced insulin resistance may be favorable by reducing the demand of gluconeogenesis from protein. But in the postprandial phase, GH exposure may compromise glucose tolerance via the same mechanisms. Understanding the mechanisms whereby GH antagonizes insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in muscle is an important future research field with implications for a variety of clinical conditions ranging from malnutrition to obesity and type 2 diabetes.
KW - Adipose Tissue
KW - Fasting
KW - Fatty Acids, Nonesterified
KW - Glucose
KW - Hormone Replacement Therapy
KW - Human Growth Hormone
KW - Humans
KW - Lipid Metabolism
KW - Muscle, Skeletal
KW - Proteins
KW - Signal Transduction
U2 - 10.1007/s00467-009-1334-3
DO - 10.1007/s00467-009-1334-3
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 19902270
SN - 0931-041X
VL - 25
SP - 705
EP - 709
JO - Pediatric Nephrology
JF - Pediatric Nephrology
IS - 4
ER -
