Effect of oral booster vaccination of rainbow trout against Yersinia ruckeri depends on type of primary immunization

TY - JOUR

T1 - Effect of oral booster vaccination of rainbow trout against Yersinia ruckeri depends on type of primary immunization

AU - Jaafar, Rzgar M.

AU - Al-Jubury, Azmi

AU - Dalsgaard, Inger

AU - MohammadKarami, Asma

AU - Kania, Per W.

AU - Buchmann, Kurt

PY - 2019/2

Y1 - 2019/2

N2 - Vaccination of rainbow trout against Enteric Redmouth Disease (ERM) caused by Yersinia ruckeri can be successfully performed by administering vaccine (a bacterin consisting of formalin killed bacteria) by immersion, bath or injection. Booster immunization is known to increase the protection of fish already primed by one of these vaccination methods. Oral vaccination of trout (administering vaccine in feed) is an even more convenient way of presenting antigen to the fish but the effect of an oral booster has not previously been described in detail. The present work describes to what extent protection may be enhanced by oral boostering following priming with different administration methods. The study confirms that vaccination by 30 s dip into a bacterin (diluted 1:10) may confer a significant protection compared to non-vaccinated fish. The immunity may be optimized by booster immunization either provided as dip (most effective), bath (less effective) or orally (least effective). Oral immunization may be used as booster after dip but applied as a single oral application it induced merely a slight and statistically non-significant response. It is noteworthy that primary oral immunization followed by an oral booster vaccination showed a trend for an even weaker response. It should be investigated if continued exposure to a low antigen concentration - as performed by two oral immunizations - may induce tolerance to the pathogen and thereby leave the fish more vulnerable.

AB - Vaccination of rainbow trout against Enteric Redmouth Disease (ERM) caused by Yersinia ruckeri can be successfully performed by administering vaccine (a bacterin consisting of formalin killed bacteria) by immersion, bath or injection. Booster immunization is known to increase the protection of fish already primed by one of these vaccination methods. Oral vaccination of trout (administering vaccine in feed) is an even more convenient way of presenting antigen to the fish but the effect of an oral booster has not previously been described in detail. The present work describes to what extent protection may be enhanced by oral boostering following priming with different administration methods. The study confirms that vaccination by 30 s dip into a bacterin (diluted 1:10) may confer a significant protection compared to non-vaccinated fish. The immunity may be optimized by booster immunization either provided as dip (most effective), bath (less effective) or orally (least effective). Oral immunization may be used as booster after dip but applied as a single oral application it induced merely a slight and statistically non-significant response. It is noteworthy that primary oral immunization followed by an oral booster vaccination showed a trend for an even weaker response. It should be investigated if continued exposure to a low antigen concentration - as performed by two oral immunizations - may induce tolerance to the pathogen and thereby leave the fish more vulnerable.

KW - Bath

KW - Dip

KW - IgM

KW - Oral

KW - Vaccination

KW - Yersinia ruckeri

U2 - 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.10.049

DO - 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.10.049

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 29097324

AN - SCOPUS:85033780255

SN - 1050-4648

VL - 85

SP - 61

EP - 65

JO - Fish and Shellfish Immunology

JF - Fish and Shellfish Immunology

ER -