TY - JOUR
T1 - Ectopic fat and aerobic fitness are key determinants of glucose homeostasis in non-obese Asians
AU - Chan, Zhiling
AU - Ding, Cherlyn
AU - Chooi, Yu Chung
AU - Choo, John
AU - Sadananthan, Suresh Anand
AU - Sasikala, S
AU - Chang, Amanda
AU - Michael, Navin
AU - Velan, S Sendhil
AU - Leow, Melvin K-S
AU - Magkos, Faidon
N1 - CURIS 2019 NEXS 076
PY - 2019/5
Y1 - 2019/5
N2 - Background: The importance of ectopic fat deposition and physical fitness in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction in subjects from the nonobese Asians is not known. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study and measured insulin sensitivity (M value; 4-hour hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp), insulin secretion rate (3-hour mixed meal tolerance test with oral minimal modelling), percent body fat, visceral adipose tissue, intramyocellular and intrahepatic lipid contents (magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy), cardiorespiratory fitness (VO 2 max; graded exercise test) and habitual physical activity (short International Physical Activity Questionnaire) in 60 healthy nonobese Asian subjects (BMI = 21.9 ± 1.7 kg/m 2 , age = 41.8 ± 13.4 years). Results: M was inversely associated with percent body fat (r = −0.460, P < 0.001), visceral fat (r = −0.623, P < 0.001) and liver fat (r = −0.601, P < 0.001), whereas insulin secretion correlated positively with these adiposity indices (percent body fat: r = 0.303, P = 0.018; visceral fat: r = 0.409, P = 0.010; hepatic fat: r = 0.393, P = 0.002). VO 2 max correlated negatively with insulin secretion rate (r = −0.420, P < 0.001) and positively with M (r = 0.658, P < 0.001). The amount of vigorous physical activity was positively associated with VO 2 max (r = 0.682, P < 0.001). Multiple stepwise linear regression analyses indicated that VO 2 max, age, and IHTG or VAT were independent determinants of insulin sensitivity and secretion (adjusted R 2 = 69% and 33%, respectively, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Increased ectopic fat deposition is associated with reduced insulin sensitivity and increased insulin secretion in healthy nonobese Asians. Poor cardiorespiratory fitness, likely due to inadequate participation in vigorous exercise, is strongly related to suboptimal metabolic function. Interventions to encourage engagement in physical activity may thus be important for improving metabolic health in nonobese Asians.
AB - Background: The importance of ectopic fat deposition and physical fitness in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction in subjects from the nonobese Asians is not known. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study and measured insulin sensitivity (M value; 4-hour hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp), insulin secretion rate (3-hour mixed meal tolerance test with oral minimal modelling), percent body fat, visceral adipose tissue, intramyocellular and intrahepatic lipid contents (magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy), cardiorespiratory fitness (VO 2 max; graded exercise test) and habitual physical activity (short International Physical Activity Questionnaire) in 60 healthy nonobese Asian subjects (BMI = 21.9 ± 1.7 kg/m 2 , age = 41.8 ± 13.4 years). Results: M was inversely associated with percent body fat (r = −0.460, P < 0.001), visceral fat (r = −0.623, P < 0.001) and liver fat (r = −0.601, P < 0.001), whereas insulin secretion correlated positively with these adiposity indices (percent body fat: r = 0.303, P = 0.018; visceral fat: r = 0.409, P = 0.010; hepatic fat: r = 0.393, P = 0.002). VO 2 max correlated negatively with insulin secretion rate (r = −0.420, P < 0.001) and positively with M (r = 0.658, P < 0.001). The amount of vigorous physical activity was positively associated with VO 2 max (r = 0.682, P < 0.001). Multiple stepwise linear regression analyses indicated that VO 2 max, age, and IHTG or VAT were independent determinants of insulin sensitivity and secretion (adjusted R 2 = 69% and 33%, respectively, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Increased ectopic fat deposition is associated with reduced insulin sensitivity and increased insulin secretion in healthy nonobese Asians. Poor cardiorespiratory fitness, likely due to inadequate participation in vigorous exercise, is strongly related to suboptimal metabolic function. Interventions to encourage engagement in physical activity may thus be important for improving metabolic health in nonobese Asians.
KW - Faculty of Science
KW - Metabolic function
KW - Diabetes
KW - Fitness
KW - Physical activity
U2 - 10.1111/eci.13079
DO - 10.1111/eci.13079
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 30734926
SN - 0960-135X
VL - 49
JO - European Journal of Clinical Investigation
JF - European Journal of Clinical Investigation
IS - 5
M1 - e13079
ER -
