@inbook{e0c3cab2222e4f0da3c783c30c1e1f9c,
title = "Dose, drift, and non-target organisms",
abstract = "This chapter deals with dose-response models to describe the relationship between a dose and its effect on target and non-target organisms, often after the dose has been diluted by drift. We define pesticide drift and describe the endeavor to link effects to an arbitrary point outside the field. Lastly, we analyze data from published papers on non-target plants to determine how they contribute to understand the biological effect of herbicide drift. The research bottleneck is in the drift model and the way non-target plants are affected. The variation in determining EDx (Effective Dose at a response level x) among species is often so large that sensitivity of species cannot be unraveled. In particular, when herbicides with large potency differences are included in a study, the effect of herbicides usually stands out, while other factors are not significant. An aspect currently in the news is the novel use of auxin herbicides on genetically modified auxin herbicide-tolerant crops and the problems that can occur when large areas are sprayed nearby very sensitive non-target plants. One additional aspect is that when using {"}wild species{"} as test plants, EDx levels will vary much more than when using crops and weed species that are genetically more uniform.",
author = "Streibig, {Jens Carl} and Green, {Jerry M.}",
year = "2017",
doi = "10.1021/bk-2017-1249.ch003",
language = "English",
isbn = "9780841232112",
series = "ACS Symposium Series",
publisher = "American Chemical Society",
pages = "25--45",
booktitle = "Pesticide dose",
address = "United States",
}