TY - JOUR
T1 - Discovery and characterization of novel nonsubstrate and substrate NAMPT inhibitors
AU - Wilsbacher, Julie L.
AU - Cheng, Min
AU - Cheng, Dong
AU - Trammell, Samuel A.J.
AU - Shi, Yan
AU - Guo, Jun
AU - Koeniger, Stormy L.
AU - Kovar, Peter J.
AU - He, Yupeng
AU - Selvaraju, Sujatha
AU - Heyman, H. Robin
AU - Sorensen, Bryan K.
AU - Clark, Richard F.
AU - Hansen, T. Matthew
AU - Longenecker, Kenton L.
AU - Raich, Diana
AU - Korepanova, Alla V.
AU - Cepa, Steven
AU - Towne, Danli L.
AU - Abraham, Vivek C.
AU - Tang, Hua
AU - Richardson, Paul L.
AU - McLoughlin, Shaun M.
AU - Badagnani, Ilaria
AU - Curtin, Michael L.
AU - Michaelides, Michael R.
AU - Maag, David
AU - Buchanan, F. Gregory
AU - Chiang, Gary G.
AU - Gao, Wenqing
AU - Rosenberg, Saul H.
AU - Brenner, Charles
AU - Tse, Chris
PY - 2017
Y1 - 2017
N2 - Cancer cells are highly reliant on NAD+-dependent processes, including glucose metabolism, calcium signaling, DNA repair, and regulation of gene expression. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the rate-limiting enzyme for NAD+ salvage from nicotinamide, has been investigated as a target for anticancer therapy. Known NAMPT inhibitors with potent cell activity are composed of a nitrogen-containing aromatic group, which is phosphoribosylated by the enzyme. Here, we identified two novel types of NAM-competitive NAMPT inhibitors, only one of which contains a modifiable, aromatic nitrogen that could be a phosphoribosyl acceptor. Both types of compound effectively deplete cellular NAD+, and subsequently ATP, and produce cell death when NAMPT is inhibited in cultured cells for more than 48 hours. Careful characterization of the kinetics of NAMPT inhibition in vivo allowed us to optimize dosing to produce sufficient NAD+ depletion over time that resulted in efficacy in an HCT116 xenograft model. Our data demonstrate that direct phosphoribosylation of competitive inhibitors by the NAMPT enzyme is not required for potent in vitro cellular activity or in vivo antitumor efficacy.
AB - Cancer cells are highly reliant on NAD+-dependent processes, including glucose metabolism, calcium signaling, DNA repair, and regulation of gene expression. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the rate-limiting enzyme for NAD+ salvage from nicotinamide, has been investigated as a target for anticancer therapy. Known NAMPT inhibitors with potent cell activity are composed of a nitrogen-containing aromatic group, which is phosphoribosylated by the enzyme. Here, we identified two novel types of NAM-competitive NAMPT inhibitors, only one of which contains a modifiable, aromatic nitrogen that could be a phosphoribosyl acceptor. Both types of compound effectively deplete cellular NAD+, and subsequently ATP, and produce cell death when NAMPT is inhibited in cultured cells for more than 48 hours. Careful characterization of the kinetics of NAMPT inhibition in vivo allowed us to optimize dosing to produce sufficient NAD+ depletion over time that resulted in efficacy in an HCT116 xenograft model. Our data demonstrate that direct phosphoribosylation of competitive inhibitors by the NAMPT enzyme is not required for potent in vitro cellular activity or in vivo antitumor efficacy.
U2 - 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0819
DO - 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0819
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 28468779
AN - SCOPUS:85024380688
SN - 1535-7163
VL - 16
SP - 1236
EP - 1245
JO - Molecular Cancer Therapeutics
JF - Molecular Cancer Therapeutics
IS - 7
ER -