Development of a recommended food intake pattern for healthy Danish adolescents consistent with the Danish dietary guidelines, nutrient recommendations and national food preferences

TY - JOUR

T1 - Development of a recommended food intake pattern for healthy Danish adolescents consistent with the Danish dietary guidelines, nutrient recommendations and national food preferences

AU - Biltoft-Jensen, Anja

AU - Trolle, Ellen

AU - Christensen, Tue

AU - Ygil, K H

AU - Fagt, Sisse

AU - Matthiessen, Jeppe

AU - Groth, Margit Velsing

AU - Tetens, Inge

PY - 2008

Y1 - 2008

N2 - BACKGROUND: Danish adolescents have poor dietary habits compared to current recommendations. The present study aimed to develop a recommended food intake pattern for adolescents consistent with Danish Dietary Guidelines (DDG), Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR) and dietary preferences.METHODS: The nutrient content of a food intake pattern consistent with DDG was calculated using dietary intake data from a random sample of 11-15-year-old boys (n = 85) and girls (n = 70). A recommended food intake pattern was modelled to meet NNR. The discretionary energy allowance was calculated as the difference between the total energy level and the energy needed to meet recommended nutrient needs. The flexibility of the recommended food intake pattern was tested against various energy requirements and with the inclusion of basic foods with higher sugar and/or fat content.RESULTS: The developed food intake pattern meets all nutrient goals except for vitamin D. At low energy requirements, the intake of iron and selenium is of concern. To fulfil nutrient recommendations, half of the bread/cereals and vegetables consumed should be fibre-rich, and fats should be of plant origin.CONCLUSIONS: The recommended food intake pattern meets most nutrient recommendations and makes it possible to advise on discretionary energy.

AB - BACKGROUND: Danish adolescents have poor dietary habits compared to current recommendations. The present study aimed to develop a recommended food intake pattern for adolescents consistent with Danish Dietary Guidelines (DDG), Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR) and dietary preferences.METHODS: The nutrient content of a food intake pattern consistent with DDG was calculated using dietary intake data from a random sample of 11-15-year-old boys (n = 85) and girls (n = 70). A recommended food intake pattern was modelled to meet NNR. The discretionary energy allowance was calculated as the difference between the total energy level and the energy needed to meet recommended nutrient needs. The flexibility of the recommended food intake pattern was tested against various energy requirements and with the inclusion of basic foods with higher sugar and/or fat content.RESULTS: The developed food intake pattern meets all nutrient goals except for vitamin D. At low energy requirements, the intake of iron and selenium is of concern. To fulfil nutrient recommendations, half of the bread/cereals and vegetables consumed should be fibre-rich, and fats should be of plant origin.CONCLUSIONS: The recommended food intake pattern meets most nutrient recommendations and makes it possible to advise on discretionary energy.

KW - Adolescent

KW - Children

KW - Denmark

KW - Diet

KW - Dietary Fats

KW - Dietary Fiber

KW - Dietary Sucrose

KW - Edible Grain

KW - Energy Intake

KW - Female

KW - Food Preferences

KW - Health Promotion

KW - Humans

KW - Iron, Dietary

KW - Male

KW - Micronutrients

KW - Nutrition Policy

KW - Nutritional Requirements

KW - Selenium

KW - Vegetables

KW - Dietary advice

KW - Discretionary energy

KW - Healthy eating

U2 - 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2008.00903.x

DO - 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2008.00903.x

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 18822064

SN - 0952-3871

VL - 21

SP - 451

EP - 163

JO - Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics

JF - Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics

IS - 5

ER -