TY - JOUR
T1 - Denotational Aspects of Untyped Normalization by Evaluation
AU - Filinski, Andrzej
AU - Rohde, Henning Korsholm
PY - 2005
Y1 - 2005
N2 - We show that the standard normalization-by-evaluation construction for the simply-typed ¿ß¿-calculus has a natural counterpart for the untyped ¿ß-calculus, with the central type-indexed logical relation replaced by a "recursively defined" invariant relation, in the style of Pitts. In fact, the construction can be seen as generalizing a computational-adequacy argument for an untyped, call-by-name language to normalization instead of evaluation. In the untyped setting, not all terms have normal forms, so the normalization function is necessarily partial. We establish its correctness in the senses of soundness (the output term, if any, is in normal form and ß-equivalent to the input term); identification (ß-equivalent terms are mapped to the same result); and completeness (the function is defined for all terms that do have normal forms). We also show how the semantic construction enables a simple yet formal correctness proof for the normalization algorithm, expressed as a functional program in an ML-like, call-by-value language. Finally, we generalize the construction to produce an infinitary variant of normal forms, namely Böhm trees. We show that the three-part characterization of correctness, as well as the proofs, extend naturally to this generalization.
AB - We show that the standard normalization-by-evaluation construction for the simply-typed ¿ß¿-calculus has a natural counterpart for the untyped ¿ß-calculus, with the central type-indexed logical relation replaced by a "recursively defined" invariant relation, in the style of Pitts. In fact, the construction can be seen as generalizing a computational-adequacy argument for an untyped, call-by-name language to normalization instead of evaluation. In the untyped setting, not all terms have normal forms, so the normalization function is necessarily partial. We establish its correctness in the senses of soundness (the output term, if any, is in normal form and ß-equivalent to the input term); identification (ß-equivalent terms are mapped to the same result); and completeness (the function is defined for all terms that do have normal forms). We also show how the semantic construction enables a simple yet formal correctness proof for the normalization algorithm, expressed as a functional program in an ML-like, call-by-value language. Finally, we generalize the construction to produce an infinitary variant of normal forms, namely Böhm trees. We show that the three-part characterization of correctness, as well as the proofs, extend naturally to this generalization.
U2 - 10.1051/ita:2005026
DO - 10.1051/ita:2005026
M3 - Journal article
SN - 0988-3754
VL - 39
SP - 423
EP - 453
JO - RAIRO - Theoretical Informatics and Applications
JF - RAIRO - Theoretical Informatics and Applications
IS - 3
ER -