Cytokine release from human peripheral blood leucocytes incubated with endotoxin with and without prior infection with influenza virus: relevance to the sudden infant death syndrome

TY - JOUR

T1 - Cytokine release from human peripheral blood leucocytes incubated with endotoxin with and without prior infection with influenza virus

T2 - relevance to the sudden infant death syndrome

AU - Banner, Jytte

AU - Smith, H

AU - Sweet, C

PY - 1993/6

Y1 - 1993/6

N2 - Previous work with a neonatal ferret model for human SIDS had indicated that inflammation caused by a combination of influenza virus and bacterial endotoxin may be a cause of human SIDS. To determine whether cytokines may be involved in this inflammatory response, levels of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha were examined, using ELISA assays, in culture supernatants of human peripheral blood leucocytes infected with influenza virus and subsequently incubated with endotoxin. Levels of TNF-alpha were increased compared to cells incubated with virus or endotoxin alone. Levels of IL-1 beta were also increased whereas levels of IL-6 were generally not enhanced. Cytokines appeared within 1-2 h of stimulation with virus or endotoxin and increased subsequently to reach maximum titres between 16 and 20 h post treatment. While levels of cytokine were much lower when determined using bioassays rather than ELISA assays, the pattern of increased yields from cells incubated with virus and endotoxin compared with either alone was still evident. The possible importance of these observations for SIDS victims is discussed.

AB - Previous work with a neonatal ferret model for human SIDS had indicated that inflammation caused by a combination of influenza virus and bacterial endotoxin may be a cause of human SIDS. To determine whether cytokines may be involved in this inflammatory response, levels of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha were examined, using ELISA assays, in culture supernatants of human peripheral blood leucocytes infected with influenza virus and subsequently incubated with endotoxin. Levels of TNF-alpha were increased compared to cells incubated with virus or endotoxin alone. Levels of IL-1 beta were also increased whereas levels of IL-6 were generally not enhanced. Cytokines appeared within 1-2 h of stimulation with virus or endotoxin and increased subsequently to reach maximum titres between 16 and 20 h post treatment. While levels of cytokine were much lower when determined using bioassays rather than ELISA assays, the pattern of increased yields from cells incubated with virus and endotoxin compared with either alone was still evident. The possible importance of these observations for SIDS victims is discussed.

KW - Cells, Cultured

KW - Cytokines

KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic

KW - Endotoxins

KW - Humans

KW - Infant

KW - Influenza A virus

KW - Interleukin-1

KW - Interleukin-6

KW - Leukocytes

KW - Orthomyxoviridae Infections

KW - Sudden Infant Death

KW - Time Factors

KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 8392861

SN - 0959-9673

VL - 74

SP - 291

EP - 297

JO - International Journal of Experimental Pathology

JF - International Journal of Experimental Pathology

IS - 3

ER -