TY - JOUR
T1 - Cirrhotic Multiorgan Syndrome
AU - Møller, Søren
AU - Bendtsen, Flemming
PY - 2015/11/1
Y1 - 2015/11/1
N2 - Patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension are at an increased risk of the development of circulatory dysfunction that may potentially result in multiple organ failure. Apart from the liver, this may involve the heart, lungs, kidneys, the immune system, the adrenal glands, and other organ systems. As the disease progresses, the circulation becomes hyperdynamic, and signs of cardiac, pulmonary, and renal dysfunction are observed, in addition to reduced survival. Infections and an altered cardiac function known as cirrhotic cardiomyopathy may be precipitators for the development of other complications such as hepatorenal syndrome. In patients with chronic organ dysfunction, various precipitating events may induce an acute-on-chronic renal failure and acute-on-chronic liver failure that negatively affect the prognosis. Future research on the pathophysiologic mechanisms of the complications and the precipitating factors is essential to understand the basics of the treatment of these challenging conditions. The aim of the present review is to focus on the development and precipitating factors of various organ failures in patients with decompensated cirrhosis.
AB - Patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension are at an increased risk of the development of circulatory dysfunction that may potentially result in multiple organ failure. Apart from the liver, this may involve the heart, lungs, kidneys, the immune system, the adrenal glands, and other organ systems. As the disease progresses, the circulation becomes hyperdynamic, and signs of cardiac, pulmonary, and renal dysfunction are observed, in addition to reduced survival. Infections and an altered cardiac function known as cirrhotic cardiomyopathy may be precipitators for the development of other complications such as hepatorenal syndrome. In patients with chronic organ dysfunction, various precipitating events may induce an acute-on-chronic renal failure and acute-on-chronic liver failure that negatively affect the prognosis. Future research on the pathophysiologic mechanisms of the complications and the precipitating factors is essential to understand the basics of the treatment of these challenging conditions. The aim of the present review is to focus on the development and precipitating factors of various organ failures in patients with decompensated cirrhosis.
KW - Acute Kidney Injury
KW - Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure
KW - Animals
KW - Cardiomyopathies
KW - Disease Progression
KW - Hemodynamics
KW - Humans
KW - Hypertension, Portal
KW - Kidney Failure, Chronic
KW - Liver Cirrhosis
KW - Multiple Organ Failure
KW - Prognosis
KW - Risk Factors
KW - Syndrome
U2 - 10.1007/s10620-015-3752-3
DO - 10.1007/s10620-015-3752-3
M3 - Review
C2 - 26112989
SN - 0163-2116
VL - 60
SP - 3209
EP - 3225
JO - Digestive Diseases and Sciences
JF - Digestive Diseases and Sciences
IS - 11
ER -