Chemogenetic Modulation of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signalling in Visual Attention Research

TY - JOUR

T1 - Chemogenetic Modulation of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signalling in Visual Attention Research

AU - Jørgensen, Søren H

AU - Fitzpatrick, Ciarán Martin

AU - Gether, Ulrik

AU - Woldbye, David P D

AU - Sørensen, Andreas T

N1 - © 2017 Nordic Association for the Publication of BCPT (former Nordic Pharmacological Society).

PY - 2017/11

Y1 - 2017/11

N2 - Attention is a fundamental cognitive process involved in nearly all aspects of life. Abnormal attentional control is a symptom of many neurological disorders, most notably recognized in ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). Although attentional performance and its malfunction has been a major area of investigation, it has proven difficult to accurately associate specific neuronal projections, cell types, neurotransmitter systems and receptors with distinct phenotypes owing to its complexity. In this MiniReview, we present a recently invented technology known as Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs). The DREADD technology is an emerging and transformative method that allows selective manipulation of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signalling, and its broad-ranging usefulness in attention research is now beginning to emerge. We first describe the different DREADDs available and explain how unprecedented specificity of neuronal signalling can be achieved using DREADDs. We next discuss various studies performed in animal models of visual attention, where different brain regions and neuronal populations have been probed by DREADDs. We highlight the interplay between the dopamine (DA) and noradrenaline (NA) catecholamine systems in visual attention and explain why DREADD technology can untangle and help us better understand such complex systems in normal and malfunctioning conditions.

AB - Attention is a fundamental cognitive process involved in nearly all aspects of life. Abnormal attentional control is a symptom of many neurological disorders, most notably recognized in ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). Although attentional performance and its malfunction has been a major area of investigation, it has proven difficult to accurately associate specific neuronal projections, cell types, neurotransmitter systems and receptors with distinct phenotypes owing to its complexity. In this MiniReview, we present a recently invented technology known as Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs). The DREADD technology is an emerging and transformative method that allows selective manipulation of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signalling, and its broad-ranging usefulness in attention research is now beginning to emerge. We first describe the different DREADDs available and explain how unprecedented specificity of neuronal signalling can be achieved using DREADDs. We next discuss various studies performed in animal models of visual attention, where different brain regions and neuronal populations have been probed by DREADDs. We highlight the interplay between the dopamine (DA) and noradrenaline (NA) catecholamine systems in visual attention and explain why DREADD technology can untangle and help us better understand such complex systems in normal and malfunctioning conditions.

KW - Journal Article

KW - Review

U2 - 10.1111/bcpt.12819

DO - 10.1111/bcpt.12819

M3 - Review

C2 - 28609587

SN - 1742-7835

VL - 121

SP - 373

EP - 381

JO - Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology

JF - Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology

IS - 5

ER -