Cell wall evolution and diversity

Jonatan Ulrik Fangel; Peter Ulvskov; J.P. Knox; Maria Dalgaard Mikkelsen; Jesper Harholt; Zoë A. Popper; William George Tycho Willats

doi:10.3389/fpls.2012.00152

Cell wall evolution and diversity

Jonatan Ulrik Fangel, Peter Ulvskov, J.P. Knox, Maria Dalgaard Mikkelsen, Jesper Harholt, Zoë A. Popper, William George Tycho Willats

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Abstract

Plant cell walls display a considerable degree of diversity in their compositions and molecular architectures. In some cases the functional significance of a particular cell wall type appears to be easy to discern: secondary cells walls are often reinforced with lignin that provides durability; the thin cell walls of pollen tubes have particular compositions that enable their tip growth; lupin seed cell walls are characteristically thickened with galactan used as a storage polysaccharide. However, more frequently the evolutionary mechanisms and selection pressures that underpin cell wall diversity and evolution are unclear. For diverse green plants (chlorophytes and streptophytes) the rapidly increasing availability of transcriptome and genome data sets, the development of methods for cell wall analyses which require less material for analysis, and expansion of molecular probe sets, are providing new insights into the diversity and occurrence of cell wall polysaccharides and associated biosynthetic genes. Such research is important for refining our understanding of some of the fundamental processes that enabled plants to colonize land and to subsequently radiate so comprehensively. The study of cell wall structural diversity is also an important aspect of the industrial utilization of global polysaccharide bio-resources.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Tidsskrift	Frontiers in Plant Science
Vol/bind	3
Antal sider	8
ISSN	1664-462X
DOI	https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2012.00152
Status	Udgivet - 6 jul. 2012

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AU - Fangel, Jonatan Ulrik

AU - Ulvskov, Peter

AU - Knox, J.P.

AU - Mikkelsen, Maria Dalgaard

AU - Harholt, Jesper

AU - Popper, Zoë A.

AU - Willats, William George Tycho

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N2 - Plant cell walls display a considerable degree of diversity in their compositions and molecular architectures. In some cases the functional significance of a particular cell wall type appears to be easy to discern: secondary cells walls are often reinforced with lignin that provides durability; the thin cell walls of pollen tubes have particular compositions that enable their tip growth; lupin seed cell walls are characteristically thickened with galactan used as a storage polysaccharide. However, more frequently the evolutionary mechanisms and selection pressures that underpin cell wall diversity and evolution are unclear. For diverse green plants (chlorophytes and streptophytes) the rapidly increasing availability of transcriptome and genome data sets, the development of methods for cell wall analyses which require less material for analysis, and expansion of molecular probe sets, are providing new insights into the diversity and occurrence of cell wall polysaccharides and associated biosynthetic genes. Such research is important for refining our understanding of some of the fundamental processes that enabled plants to colonize land and to subsequently radiate so comprehensively. The study of cell wall structural diversity is also an important aspect of the industrial utilization of global polysaccharide bio-resources.

AB - Plant cell walls display a considerable degree of diversity in their compositions and molecular architectures. In some cases the functional significance of a particular cell wall type appears to be easy to discern: secondary cells walls are often reinforced with lignin that provides durability; the thin cell walls of pollen tubes have particular compositions that enable their tip growth; lupin seed cell walls are characteristically thickened with galactan used as a storage polysaccharide. However, more frequently the evolutionary mechanisms and selection pressures that underpin cell wall diversity and evolution are unclear. For diverse green plants (chlorophytes and streptophytes) the rapidly increasing availability of transcriptome and genome data sets, the development of methods for cell wall analyses which require less material for analysis, and expansion of molecular probe sets, are providing new insights into the diversity and occurrence of cell wall polysaccharides and associated biosynthetic genes. Such research is important for refining our understanding of some of the fundamental processes that enabled plants to colonize land and to subsequently radiate so comprehensively. The study of cell wall structural diversity is also an important aspect of the industrial utilization of global polysaccharide bio-resources.

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DO - 10.3389/fpls.2012.00152

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 22783271

SN - 1664-462X

VL - 3

JO - Frontiers in Plant Science

JF - Frontiers in Plant Science

ER -

Cell wall evolution and diversity

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