Brain on fire: Incentive salience, hedonic hot spots, dopamine, obesity, and other hunger games

TY - JOUR

T1 - Brain on fire

T2 - Incentive salience, hedonic hot spots, dopamine, obesity, and other hunger games

AU - Cameron, Jameason D

AU - Chaput, Jean-Philippe

AU - Sjödin, Anders Mikael

AU - Goldfield, Gary S

N1 - CURIS 2017 NEXS 161

PY - 2017/8/21

Y1 - 2017/8/21

N2 - This review examines human feeding behavior in light of psychological motivational theory and highlights the importance of midbrain dopamine (DA). Prospective evidence of both reward surfeit and reward deficit pathways to increased body weight are evaluated, and we argue that it is more complex than an eitheror scenario when examining DA's role in reward sensitivity, eating, and obesity. The Taq1A genotype is a common thread that ties the contrasting models of DA reward and obesity; this genotype related to striatal DA is not associated with obesity class per se but may nevertheless confer an increased risk of weight gain. We also critically examine the concept of so-called food addiction, and despite growing evidence, we argue that there is currently insufficient human data to warrant this diagnostic label. The surgical and pharmacological treatments of obesity are discussed, and evidence is presented for the selective use of DA-class drugs in obesity treatment.

AB - This review examines human feeding behavior in light of psychological motivational theory and highlights the importance of midbrain dopamine (DA). Prospective evidence of both reward surfeit and reward deficit pathways to increased body weight are evaluated, and we argue that it is more complex than an eitheror scenario when examining DA's role in reward sensitivity, eating, and obesity. The Taq1A genotype is a common thread that ties the contrasting models of DA reward and obesity; this genotype related to striatal DA is not associated with obesity class per se but may nevertheless confer an increased risk of weight gain. We also critically examine the concept of so-called food addiction, and despite growing evidence, we argue that there is currently insufficient human data to warrant this diagnostic label. The surgical and pharmacological treatments of obesity are discussed, and evidence is presented for the selective use of DA-class drugs in obesity treatment.

KW - Energy intake

KW - Food reward

KW - Food addiction

KW - BMI

KW - fMRI

KW - Obesity surgery

KW - Liking

U2 - 10.1146/annurev-nutr-071816-064855

DO - 10.1146/annurev-nutr-071816-064855

M3 - Review

C2 - 28564556

SN - 0199-9885

VL - 37

SP - 183

EP - 205

JO - Annual Review of Nutrition

JF - Annual Review of Nutrition

ER -