Born with low birth weight in rural Southern India: what are the metabolic consequences 20 years later?

TY - JOUR

T1 - Born with low birth weight in rural Southern India

T2 - what are the metabolic consequences 20 years later?

AU - Thomas, Nihal

AU - Grunnet, Louise G

AU - Poulsen, Pernille

AU - Christopher, Solomon

AU - Spurgeon, Rachaproleu

AU - Inbakumari, Mercy

AU - Livingstone, Roshan

AU - Alex, Reginald

AU - Mohan, Venkataraghava R

AU - Antonisamy, Belavendra

AU - Geethanjali, Finney S

AU - Karol, Rajni

AU - Vaag, Allan

AU - Bygbjerg, Ib C

PY - 2012/4

Y1 - 2012/4

N2 - Objective: Low birth weight (LBW) is common in the Indian population and may represent an important predisposing factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the metabolic syndrome. Intensive metabolic examinations in ethnic LBW Asian Indians have been almost exclusively performed in immigrants living outside India. Therefore, we aimed to study the metabolic impact of being born with LBW in a rural non-migrant Indian population. Subjects and methods: One hundred and seventeen non-migrant, young healthy men were recruited from a birth cohort in a rural part of south India. The subjects comprised 61 LBW and 56 normal birth weight (NBW) men, with NBW men acting as controls. Subjects underwent a hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp, i.v. and oral glucose tolerance tests and a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan. The parents' anthropometric status and metabolic parameters were assessed. Results: Men with LBW were shorter (167 ± 6.4 vs 172 ± 6.0 cm, P < 0.0001), lighter (51.9 ± 9 vs 55.4 ± 7 kg, P = 0.02) and had a reduced lean body mass (42.1 ± 5.4 vs 45.0 ± 4.5 kg, P = 0.002) compared with NBW controls. After adjustment for height and weight, the LBW subjects had increased diastolic blood pressure (77 ± 6 vs 75 ± 6 mmHg, P = 0.01). Five LBW subjects had impaired glucose tolerance. In vivo insulin secretion and peripheral insulin action were similar in both the groups. Mothers of the LBW subjects were 3 cm shorter than the control mothers. Conclusion: Only subtle features of the metabolic syndrome and changes in body composition among LBW rural Indians were found. Whether other factors such as urbanisation and ageing may unmask more severe metabolic abnormalities may require a long-term follow-up.

AB - Objective: Low birth weight (LBW) is common in the Indian population and may represent an important predisposing factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the metabolic syndrome. Intensive metabolic examinations in ethnic LBW Asian Indians have been almost exclusively performed in immigrants living outside India. Therefore, we aimed to study the metabolic impact of being born with LBW in a rural non-migrant Indian population. Subjects and methods: One hundred and seventeen non-migrant, young healthy men were recruited from a birth cohort in a rural part of south India. The subjects comprised 61 LBW and 56 normal birth weight (NBW) men, with NBW men acting as controls. Subjects underwent a hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp, i.v. and oral glucose tolerance tests and a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan. The parents' anthropometric status and metabolic parameters were assessed. Results: Men with LBW were shorter (167 ± 6.4 vs 172 ± 6.0 cm, P < 0.0001), lighter (51.9 ± 9 vs 55.4 ± 7 kg, P = 0.02) and had a reduced lean body mass (42.1 ± 5.4 vs 45.0 ± 4.5 kg, P = 0.002) compared with NBW controls. After adjustment for height and weight, the LBW subjects had increased diastolic blood pressure (77 ± 6 vs 75 ± 6 mmHg, P = 0.01). Five LBW subjects had impaired glucose tolerance. In vivo insulin secretion and peripheral insulin action were similar in both the groups. Mothers of the LBW subjects were 3 cm shorter than the control mothers. Conclusion: Only subtle features of the metabolic syndrome and changes in body composition among LBW rural Indians were found. Whether other factors such as urbanisation and ageing may unmask more severe metabolic abnormalities may require a long-term follow-up.

KW - Adult

KW - Birth Weight

KW - Body Weights and Measures

KW - Case-Control Studies

KW - Cohort Studies

KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

KW - Follow-Up Studies

KW - Glucose Intolerance

KW - Humans

KW - India

KW - Infant, Low Birth Weight

KW - Infant, Newborn

KW - Insulin Resistance

KW - Male

KW - Metabolism

KW - Parturition

KW - Rural Population

KW - Time Factors

KW - Young Adult

U2 - 10.1530/eje-11-0870

DO - 10.1530/eje-11-0870

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 22250073

SN - 0804-4643

VL - 166

SP - 647

EP - 655

JO - European Journal of Endocrinology

JF - European Journal of Endocrinology

IS - 4

ER -