TY - JOUR
T1 - Bile salts and their importance for drug absorption
AU - Holm, René
AU - Müllertz, Anette
AU - Mu, Huiling
N1 - Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
PY - 2013/8/30
Y1 - 2013/8/30
N2 - Bile salts are present in the intestines of humans as well as the animals used during the development of pharmaceutical products. This review provides a short introduction into the physical chemical properties of bile salts, a description of the bile concentration and composition of bile in different animal species and an overview of the literature investigating the influence of bile salts on the in vivo performance of different compounds and drug formulations. Generally, there is a positive effect on bioavailability when bile is present in the gastro-intestinal tract, independent of the formulation systems, e.g. suspensions, solutions, cyclodextrin complexes or lipid based formulations, but a few exceptions have also been reported.
AB - Bile salts are present in the intestines of humans as well as the animals used during the development of pharmaceutical products. This review provides a short introduction into the physical chemical properties of bile salts, a description of the bile concentration and composition of bile in different animal species and an overview of the literature investigating the influence of bile salts on the in vivo performance of different compounds and drug formulations. Generally, there is a positive effect on bioavailability when bile is present in the gastro-intestinal tract, independent of the formulation systems, e.g. suspensions, solutions, cyclodextrin complexes or lipid based formulations, but a few exceptions have also been reported.
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.04.003
DO - 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.04.003
M3 - Review
C2 - 23598075
SN - 0378-5173
VL - 453
SP - 44
EP - 55
JO - International Journal of Pharmaceutics
JF - International Journal of Pharmaceutics
IS - 1
ER -