Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination, thymic size, and thymic output in healthy newborns

Nina Marie Birk; Thomas Nørrelykke Nissen; Vera Zingmark; Jesper Kjærgaard; Lisbeth Marianne Thøstesen; Poul-Erik Kofoed; Lone Graff Stensballe; Andreas Andersen; Susanne Dam Nielsen; Christine Stabell Benn; Ole Pryds; Dorthe Lisbeth Jeppesen

doi:10.1038/pr.2017.27

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination, thymic size, and thymic output in healthy newborns

Nina Marie Birk, Thomas Nørrelykke Nissen, Vera Zingmark, Jesper Kjærgaard, Lisbeth Marianne Thøstesen, Poul-Erik Kofoed, Lone Graff Stensballe, Andreas Andersen, Susanne Dam Nielsen, Christine Stabell Benn, Ole Pryds, Dorthe Lisbeth Jeppesen

Institut for Klinisk Medicin

4 Citationer (Scopus)

51 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine (BCG) has been associated with beneficial nonspecific effects on infant health. We aimed to examine the effect of BCG at birth on thymic size and the associations between thymic output, circulating lymphocytes, risk of infection, and thymic size.

METHODS: In infants randomized to BCG or no BCG, thymic index (TI), and thymic/weight index (TWI) were measured by ultrasound at birth and at the age of 3 mo. T cell subpopulations including CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and recent thymic emigrants (RTEs) were assessed by flow cytometry. Infections up to age 3 mo were parent-reported.

RESULTS: BCG vaccination did not affect thymic size at age 3 mo, measured as TI. At birth, the number of lymphocytes, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and RTEs were positively associated with TI and TWI. Furthermore, a reduced risk of infections up to age 3 mo was associated with a large thymic size at birth.

CONCLUSION: We found no effect of BCG vaccination on thymic size. The positive association between thymic output, lymphocytes, reduced risk of infections, and TI/TWI suggests that assessment of TI/TWI by ultrasound may be a predictor of the immunological capacity in the newborn.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Tidsskrift	Pediatric Research
Vol/bind	81
Udgave nummer	6
Sider (fra-til)	873-880
Antal sider	8
ISSN	0031-3998
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1038/pr.2017.27
Status	Udgivet - 1 jun. 2017

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title = "Bacillus Calmette-Gu{\'e}rin vaccination, thymic size, and thymic output in healthy newborns",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: The Bacillus Calmette-Gu{\'e}rin vaccine (BCG) has been associated with beneficial nonspecific effects on infant health. We aimed to examine the effect of BCG at birth on thymic size and the associations between thymic output, circulating lymphocytes, risk of infection, and thymic size.METHODS: In infants randomized to BCG or no BCG, thymic index (TI), and thymic/weight index (TWI) were measured by ultrasound at birth and at the age of 3 mo. T cell subpopulations including CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and recent thymic emigrants (RTEs) were assessed by flow cytometry. Infections up to age 3 mo were parent-reported.RESULTS: BCG vaccination did not affect thymic size at age 3 mo, measured as TI. At birth, the number of lymphocytes, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and RTEs were positively associated with TI and TWI. Furthermore, a reduced risk of infections up to age 3 mo was associated with a large thymic size at birth.CONCLUSION: We found no effect of BCG vaccination on thymic size. The positive association between thymic output, lymphocytes, reduced risk of infections, and TI/TWI suggests that assessment of TI/TWI by ultrasound may be a predictor of the immunological capacity in the newborn.",

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author = "Birk, {Nina Marie} and Nissen, {Thomas N{\o}rrelykke} and Vera Zingmark and Jesper Kj{\ae}rgaard and Th{\o}stesen, {Lisbeth Marianne} and Poul-Erik Kofoed and Stensballe, {Lone Graff} and Andreas Andersen and Nielsen, {Susanne Dam} and Benn, {Christine Stabell} and Ole Pryds and Jeppesen, {Dorthe Lisbeth}",

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T1 - Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination, thymic size, and thymic output in healthy newborns

AU - Birk, Nina Marie

AU - Nissen, Thomas Nørrelykke

AU - Zingmark, Vera

AU - Kjærgaard, Jesper

AU - Thøstesen, Lisbeth Marianne

AU - Kofoed, Poul-Erik

AU - Stensballe, Lone Graff

AU - Andersen, Andreas

AU - Nielsen, Susanne Dam

AU - Benn, Christine Stabell

AU - Pryds, Ole

AU - Jeppesen, Dorthe Lisbeth

PY - 2017/6/1

Y1 - 2017/6/1

N2 - BACKGROUND: The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine (BCG) has been associated with beneficial nonspecific effects on infant health. We aimed to examine the effect of BCG at birth on thymic size and the associations between thymic output, circulating lymphocytes, risk of infection, and thymic size.METHODS: In infants randomized to BCG or no BCG, thymic index (TI), and thymic/weight index (TWI) were measured by ultrasound at birth and at the age of 3 mo. T cell subpopulations including CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and recent thymic emigrants (RTEs) were assessed by flow cytometry. Infections up to age 3 mo were parent-reported.RESULTS: BCG vaccination did not affect thymic size at age 3 mo, measured as TI. At birth, the number of lymphocytes, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and RTEs were positively associated with TI and TWI. Furthermore, a reduced risk of infections up to age 3 mo was associated with a large thymic size at birth.CONCLUSION: We found no effect of BCG vaccination on thymic size. The positive association between thymic output, lymphocytes, reduced risk of infections, and TI/TWI suggests that assessment of TI/TWI by ultrasound may be a predictor of the immunological capacity in the newborn.

AB - BACKGROUND: The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine (BCG) has been associated with beneficial nonspecific effects on infant health. We aimed to examine the effect of BCG at birth on thymic size and the associations between thymic output, circulating lymphocytes, risk of infection, and thymic size.METHODS: In infants randomized to BCG or no BCG, thymic index (TI), and thymic/weight index (TWI) were measured by ultrasound at birth and at the age of 3 mo. T cell subpopulations including CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and recent thymic emigrants (RTEs) were assessed by flow cytometry. Infections up to age 3 mo were parent-reported.RESULTS: BCG vaccination did not affect thymic size at age 3 mo, measured as TI. At birth, the number of lymphocytes, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and RTEs were positively associated with TI and TWI. Furthermore, a reduced risk of infections up to age 3 mo was associated with a large thymic size at birth.CONCLUSION: We found no effect of BCG vaccination on thymic size. The positive association between thymic output, lymphocytes, reduced risk of infections, and TI/TWI suggests that assessment of TI/TWI by ultrasound may be a predictor of the immunological capacity in the newborn.

KW - Journal Article

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DO - 10.1038/pr.2017.27

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 28157835

SN - 0031-3998

VL - 81

SP - 873

EP - 880

JO - Pediatric Research

JF - Pediatric Research

IS - 6

ER -

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination, thymic size, and thymic output in healthy newborns

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