Associations between HIV-RNA-based indicators and virological and clinical outcomes

TY - JOUR

T1 - Associations between HIV-RNA-based indicators and virological and clinical outcomes

AU - Laut, Kamilla G

AU - Shepherd, Leah C

AU - Pedersen, Court

AU - Rockstroh, Jürgen K

AU - Sambatakou, Helen

AU - Paduta, Dimitry

AU - Matulionyte, Raimonda

AU - Smiatacz, Tomasz

AU - Mulcahy, Fiona

AU - Lundgren, Jens D

AU - Mocroft, Amanda

AU - Kirk, Ole

PY - 2016/7/31

Y1 - 2016/7/31

N2 - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and compare the performance of six HIV-RNA-based quality of care indicators for predicting short-term and long-term outcomes.DESIGN: Multinational cohort study.METHODS: We included EuroSIDA patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) with at least three viral load measurements after baseline (the latest of 01/01/2001 or entry into EuroSIDA). Using multivariate Poisson regression, we modelled the association between short-term (resistance, triple-class failure) and long-term (all-cause mortality, any AIDS/non-AIDS clinical event) outcomes and the indicators: viraemia copy years; consecutive months with viral load ≥ 50 copies/ml; percentage of time on ART spent fully suppressed (%FS); stable on ART; 48 weeks snapshot; and current viral load. Indicators were compared using area under the ROC curve (AUC) and different measures of model fit.RESULTS: Adjusted incidence rate ratios for all outcomes tended to increase with increasing viraemia copy years, number of consecutive months with viral load ≥ 50 copies/ml, current viral load and with lower %FS, but the gradient of increased risk was weak across strata. None of the indicators reliably identified those at risk of long-term outcomes (AUC 0.54-0.58), but performed consistently better with short-term outcomes [triple class failure (AUC 0.67-0.76) and resistance (AUC 0.64-0.79)]. Goodness of fit varied with the outcome evaluated, but differences between indicators were small.CONCLUSION: Differences between quality of care indicators were small and no indicator performed consistently better than current viral load. Given the simplicity in assessing and interpreting this indicator, we propose to use current viral load when HIV-RNA-based indicators are used to evaluate the efficacy of ART programs.

AB - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and compare the performance of six HIV-RNA-based quality of care indicators for predicting short-term and long-term outcomes.DESIGN: Multinational cohort study.METHODS: We included EuroSIDA patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) with at least three viral load measurements after baseline (the latest of 01/01/2001 or entry into EuroSIDA). Using multivariate Poisson regression, we modelled the association between short-term (resistance, triple-class failure) and long-term (all-cause mortality, any AIDS/non-AIDS clinical event) outcomes and the indicators: viraemia copy years; consecutive months with viral load ≥ 50 copies/ml; percentage of time on ART spent fully suppressed (%FS); stable on ART; 48 weeks snapshot; and current viral load. Indicators were compared using area under the ROC curve (AUC) and different measures of model fit.RESULTS: Adjusted incidence rate ratios for all outcomes tended to increase with increasing viraemia copy years, number of consecutive months with viral load ≥ 50 copies/ml, current viral load and with lower %FS, but the gradient of increased risk was weak across strata. None of the indicators reliably identified those at risk of long-term outcomes (AUC 0.54-0.58), but performed consistently better with short-term outcomes [triple class failure (AUC 0.67-0.76) and resistance (AUC 0.64-0.79)]. Goodness of fit varied with the outcome evaluated, but differences between indicators were small.CONCLUSION: Differences between quality of care indicators were small and no indicator performed consistently better than current viral load. Given the simplicity in assessing and interpreting this indicator, we propose to use current viral load when HIV-RNA-based indicators are used to evaluate the efficacy of ART programs.

KW - Journal Article

U2 - 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001144

DO - 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001144

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 27149091

SN - 0269-9370

VL - 30

SP - 1961

EP - 1972

JO - AIDS (London, England)

JF - AIDS (London, England)

IS - 12

ER -