TY - JOUR
T1 - Absorption, distribution, and elimination of graded oral doses of methylmercury in juvenile white sturgeon
AU - Huang, Susie Shih-Yin
AU - Strathe, Anders Bjerring
AU - Fadel, James G.
AU - Lin, Pinpin
AU - Liu, Tsung-Yun
AU - Hung, Silas S. O.
N1 - Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
PY - 2012/10/15
Y1 - 2012/10/15
N2 - Mercury (Hg) is toxic and is released into the environment from a wide variety of anthropogenic sources. Methylmercury (MeHg), a product of microbial methylation, enables rapid Hg bioaccumulation and biomagnification in the biota. Methylmercury is sequestered and made available to the rest of the biota through the benthic-detrital component leading to the high risk of exposure to benthic fish species, such as white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus). In the present study, a combined technique of stomach intubation, dorsal aorta cannulation, and urinary catheterization was utilized to characterize the absorption, distribution, and elimination of Hg in white sturgeon over a 48h exposure. Mercury, as methylmercury chloride, at either 0, 250, 500, or 1000 µg Hg/kg body weight, was orally intubated into white sturgeon, in groups of five. The blood was repeatedly sampled and urine collected from the fish over the 48h post intubation period, and at 48h, the fish were sacrificed for Hg tissue concentration and distribution determinations. The fractional rate of absorption (K), blood Hg concentration (µg/ml), tissue concentration (µg/g dry weight) and distribution (%), and urinary Hg elimination flux (µg/kg/h) are significantly different (pkidney>spleen>gill>heart>liver>brain>white muscle and remaining whole body. At 48h, Hg was found to be preferentially distributed to metabolically active tissues. Digestibility is highest at the lowest MeHg dose. Measurable urinary Hg was observed in the fish treated with the highest MeHg dose, and a significant increase in the elimination flux was observed between 3 and 12h post intubation.
AB - Mercury (Hg) is toxic and is released into the environment from a wide variety of anthropogenic sources. Methylmercury (MeHg), a product of microbial methylation, enables rapid Hg bioaccumulation and biomagnification in the biota. Methylmercury is sequestered and made available to the rest of the biota through the benthic-detrital component leading to the high risk of exposure to benthic fish species, such as white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus). In the present study, a combined technique of stomach intubation, dorsal aorta cannulation, and urinary catheterization was utilized to characterize the absorption, distribution, and elimination of Hg in white sturgeon over a 48h exposure. Mercury, as methylmercury chloride, at either 0, 250, 500, or 1000 µg Hg/kg body weight, was orally intubated into white sturgeon, in groups of five. The blood was repeatedly sampled and urine collected from the fish over the 48h post intubation period, and at 48h, the fish were sacrificed for Hg tissue concentration and distribution determinations. The fractional rate of absorption (K), blood Hg concentration (µg/ml), tissue concentration (µg/g dry weight) and distribution (%), and urinary Hg elimination flux (µg/kg/h) are significantly different (pkidney>spleen>gill>heart>liver>brain>white muscle and remaining whole body. At 48h, Hg was found to be preferentially distributed to metabolically active tissues. Digestibility is highest at the lowest MeHg dose. Measurable urinary Hg was observed in the fish treated with the highest MeHg dose, and a significant increase in the elimination flux was observed between 3 and 12h post intubation.
KW - Animals
KW - Fishes
KW - Methylmercury Compounds
KW - Tissue Distribution
KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical
U2 - 10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.06.003
DO - 10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.06.003
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 22819805
SN - 0166-445X
VL - 122-123
SP - 163
EP - 171
JO - Aquatic Toxicology
JF - Aquatic Toxicology
ER -