TY - JOUR
T1 - A Post-Docking Role of Synaptotagmin 1-C2B Domain Bottom Residues R398/399 in Mouse Chromaffin Cells
AU - Kedar, Girish H
AU - Munch, Anders S
AU - van Weering, Jan R T
AU - Malsam, Jörg
AU - Scheutzow, Andrea
AU - de Wit, Heidi
AU - Houy, Sébastien
AU - Tawfik, Bassam
AU - Söllner, Thomas H
AU - Sørensen, Jakob B
AU - Verhage, Matthijs
N1 - Copyright © 2015 the authors 0270-6474/15/3514173-11$15.00/0.
PY - 2015/10/21
Y1 - 2015/10/21
N2 - Synaptotagmin-1 (Syt1) is the principal Ca2+ sensor for vesicle fusion and is also essential for vesicle docking in chromaffin cells. Docking depends on interactions of the Syt1-C2B domain with the t-SNARE SNAP25/Syntaxin1 complex and/or plasma membrane phospholipids. Here, we investigated the role of the positively charged “bottom” region of the C2B domain, proposed to help crosslink membranes, in vesicle docking and secretion in mouse chromaffin cells and in cell-free assays. We expressed a double mutation shown previously to interfere with lipid mixing between proteoliposomes and with synaptic transmission, Syt1-R398/399Q (RQ), in syt1 null mutant cells. Ultrastructural morphometry revealed that Syt1-RQ fully restored the docking defect observed previously in syt1 null mutant cells, similar to wild type Syt1 (Syt1-wt). Small unilamellar lipid vesicles (SUVs) that contained the v-SNARE Synaptobrevin2 and Syt1-R398/399Q also docked to t-SNARE-containing giant vesicles (GUVs), similar to Syt1-wt. However, unlike Syt1-wt, Syt1-RQinduced docking was strictly PI(4,5)P2-dependent. Unlike docking, neither synchronized secretion in chromaffin cells nor Ca2+- triggered SUV–GUV fusion was restored by the Syt1 mutants. Finally, overexpressing the RQ-mutant in wild type cells produced no effect on either docking or secretion. We conclude that the positively charged bottom region in the C2B domain—and, by inference, Syt1- mediated membrane crosslinking—is required for triggering fusion, but not for docking. Secretory vesicles dock by multiple, PI(4,5)P2- dependent and PI(4,5)P2-independent mechanisms. The R398/399 mutations selectively disrupt the latter and hereby help to discriminate protein regions involved in different aspects of Syt1 function in docking and fusion.
AB - Synaptotagmin-1 (Syt1) is the principal Ca2+ sensor for vesicle fusion and is also essential for vesicle docking in chromaffin cells. Docking depends on interactions of the Syt1-C2B domain with the t-SNARE SNAP25/Syntaxin1 complex and/or plasma membrane phospholipids. Here, we investigated the role of the positively charged “bottom” region of the C2B domain, proposed to help crosslink membranes, in vesicle docking and secretion in mouse chromaffin cells and in cell-free assays. We expressed a double mutation shown previously to interfere with lipid mixing between proteoliposomes and with synaptic transmission, Syt1-R398/399Q (RQ), in syt1 null mutant cells. Ultrastructural morphometry revealed that Syt1-RQ fully restored the docking defect observed previously in syt1 null mutant cells, similar to wild type Syt1 (Syt1-wt). Small unilamellar lipid vesicles (SUVs) that contained the v-SNARE Synaptobrevin2 and Syt1-R398/399Q also docked to t-SNARE-containing giant vesicles (GUVs), similar to Syt1-wt. However, unlike Syt1-wt, Syt1-RQinduced docking was strictly PI(4,5)P2-dependent. Unlike docking, neither synchronized secretion in chromaffin cells nor Ca2+- triggered SUV–GUV fusion was restored by the Syt1 mutants. Finally, overexpressing the RQ-mutant in wild type cells produced no effect on either docking or secretion. We conclude that the positively charged bottom region in the C2B domain—and, by inference, Syt1- mediated membrane crosslinking—is required for triggering fusion, but not for docking. Secretory vesicles dock by multiple, PI(4,5)P2- dependent and PI(4,5)P2-independent mechanisms. The R398/399 mutations selectively disrupt the latter and hereby help to discriminate protein regions involved in different aspects of Syt1 function in docking and fusion.
U2 - 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1911-15.2015
DO - 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1911-15.2015
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 26490858
SN - 0270-6474
VL - 35
SP - 14172
EP - 14182
JO - The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
JF - The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
IS - 42
ER -