The delay of shock breakout due to circumstellar material evident in most type II supernovae

F. Förster; T. J. Moriya; J. C. Maureira; J. P. Anderson; S. Blinnikov; F. Bufano; G. Cabrera-Vives; A. Clocchiatti; T. Jaeger; P. A. Estévez; L. Galbany; S. González-Gaitán; G. Gräfener; M. Hamuy; E. Y. Hsiao; P. Huentelemu; P. Huijse; H. Kuncarayakti; J. Martínez; G. Medina; F. Olivares E.; G. Pignata; A. Razza; I. Reyes; J. San Martín; R. C. Smith; E. Vera; A. K. Vivas; A. de Ugarte Postigo; S. C. Yoon; C. Ashall; M. Fraser; A. Gal-Yam; E. Kankare; L. Le Guillou; P. A. Mazzali; N. A. Walton; D. R. Young

doi:10.1038/s41550-018-0563-4

The delay of shock breakout due to circumstellar material evident in most type II supernovae

F. Förster^*, T. J. Moriya, J. C. Maureira, J. P. Anderson, S. Blinnikov, F. Bufano, G. Cabrera-Vives, A. Clocchiatti, T. Jaeger, P. A. Estévez, L. Galbany, S. González-Gaitán, G. Gräfener, M. Hamuy, E. Y. Hsiao, P. Huentelemu, P. Huijse, H. Kuncarayakti, J. Martínez, G. MedinaF. Olivares E., G. Pignata, A. Razza, I. Reyes, J. San Martín, R. C. Smith, E. Vera, A. K. Vivas, A. de Ugarte Postigo, S. C. Yoon, C. Ashall, M. Fraser, A. Gal-Yam, E. Kankare, L. Le Guillou, P. A. Mazzali, N. A. Walton, D. R. Young

^*Corresponding author for this work

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41 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Type II supernovae (SNe II) originate from the explosion of hydrogen-rich supergiant massive stars. Their first electromagnetic signature is the shock breakout (SBO), a short-lived phenomenon that can last for hours to days depending on the density at shock emergence. We present 26 rising optical light curves of SN II candidates discovered shortly after explosion by the High Cadence Transient Survey and derive physical parameters based on hydrodynamical models using a Bayesian approach. We observe a steep rise of a few days in 24 out of 26 SN II candidates, indicating the systematic detection of SBOs in a dense circumstellar matter consistent with a mass loss rate of Ṁ> 10⁻⁴M_⊙ yr⁻¹ or a dense atmosphere. This implies that the characteristic hour-timescale signature of stellar envelope SBOs may be rare in nature and could be delayed into longer-lived circumstellar material SBOs in most SNe II.

Original language	English
Journal	Nature Astronomy
Volume	2
Issue number	10
Pages (from-to)	808-818
ISSN	2397-3366
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-018-0563-4
Publication status	Published - 1 Oct 2018

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Förster, F., Moriya, T. J., Maureira, J. C., Anderson, J. P., Blinnikov, S., Bufano, F., Cabrera-Vives, G., Clocchiatti, A., Jaeger, T., Estévez, P. A., Galbany, L., González-Gaitán, S., Gräfener, G., Hamuy, M., Hsiao, E. Y., Huentelemu, P., Huijse, P., Kuncarayakti, H., Martínez, J., ... Young, D. R. (2018). The delay of shock breakout due to circumstellar material evident in most type II supernovae. Nature Astronomy, 2(10), 808-818. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-018-0563-4

Förster, F, Moriya, TJ, Maureira, JC, Anderson, JP, Blinnikov, S, Bufano, F, Cabrera-Vives, G, Clocchiatti, A, Jaeger, T, Estévez, PA, Galbany, L, González-Gaitán, S, Gräfener, G, Hamuy, M, Hsiao, EY, Huentelemu, P, Huijse, P, Kuncarayakti, H, Martínez, J, Medina, G, Olivares E., F, Pignata, G, Razza, A, Reyes, I, Martín, JS, Smith, RC, Vera, E, Vivas, AK, de Ugarte Postigo, A, Yoon, SC, Ashall, C, Fraser, M, Gal-Yam, A, Kankare, E, Guillou, LL, Mazzali, PA, Walton, NA & Young, DR 2018, 'The delay of shock breakout due to circumstellar material evident in most type II supernovae', Nature Astronomy, vol. 2, no. 10, pp. 808-818. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-018-0563-4

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title = "The delay of shock breakout due to circumstellar material evident in most type II supernovae",

abstract = "Type II supernovae (SNe II) originate from the explosion of hydrogen-rich supergiant massive stars. Their first electromagnetic signature is the shock breakout (SBO), a short-lived phenomenon that can last for hours to days depending on the density at shock emergence. We present 26 rising optical light curves of SN II candidates discovered shortly after explosion by the High Cadence Transient Survey and derive physical parameters based on hydrodynamical models using a Bayesian approach. We observe a steep rise of a few days in 24 out of 26 SN II candidates, indicating the systematic detection of SBOs in a dense circumstellar matter consistent with a mass loss rate of Ṁ> 10−4M⊙ yr−1 or a dense atmosphere. This implies that the characteristic hour-timescale signature of stellar envelope SBOs may be rare in nature and could be delayed into longer-lived circumstellar material SBOs in most SNe II.",

author = "F. F{\"o}rster and Moriya, {T. J.} and Maureira, {J. C.} and Anderson, {J. P.} and S. Blinnikov and F. Bufano and G. Cabrera-Vives and A. Clocchiatti and T. Jaeger and Est{\'e}vez, {P. A.} and L. Galbany and S. Gonz{\'a}lez-Gait{\'a}n and G. Gr{\"a}fener and M. Hamuy and Hsiao, {E. Y.} and P. Huentelemu and P. Huijse and H. Kuncarayakti and J. Mart{\'i}nez and G. Medina and {Olivares E.}, F. and G. Pignata and A. Razza and I. Reyes and Mart{\'i}n, {J. San} and Smith, {R. C.} and E. Vera and Vivas, {A. K.} and {de Ugarte Postigo}, A. and Yoon, {S. C.} and C. Ashall and M. Fraser and A. Gal-Yam and E. Kankare and Guillou, {L. Le} and Mazzali, {P. A.} and Walton, {N. A.} and Young, {D. R.}",

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doi = "10.1038/s41550-018-0563-4",

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T1 - The delay of shock breakout due to circumstellar material evident in most type II supernovae

AU - Förster, F.

AU - Moriya, T. J.

AU - Maureira, J. C.

AU - Anderson, J. P.

AU - Blinnikov, S.

AU - Bufano, F.

AU - Cabrera-Vives, G.

AU - Clocchiatti, A.

AU - Jaeger, T.

AU - Estévez, P. A.

AU - Galbany, L.

AU - González-Gaitán, S.

AU - Gräfener, G.

AU - Hamuy, M.

AU - Hsiao, E. Y.

AU - Huentelemu, P.

AU - Huijse, P.

AU - Kuncarayakti, H.

AU - Martínez, J.

AU - Medina, G.

AU - Olivares E., F.

AU - Pignata, G.

AU - Razza, A.

AU - Reyes, I.

AU - Martín, J. San

AU - Smith, R. C.

AU - Vera, E.

AU - Vivas, A. K.

AU - de Ugarte Postigo, A.

AU - Yoon, S. C.

AU - Ashall, C.

AU - Fraser, M.

AU - Gal-Yam, A.

AU - Kankare, E.

AU - Guillou, L. Le

AU - Mazzali, P. A.

AU - Walton, N. A.

AU - Young, D. R.

PY - 2018/10/1

Y1 - 2018/10/1

N2 - Type II supernovae (SNe II) originate from the explosion of hydrogen-rich supergiant massive stars. Their first electromagnetic signature is the shock breakout (SBO), a short-lived phenomenon that can last for hours to days depending on the density at shock emergence. We present 26 rising optical light curves of SN II candidates discovered shortly after explosion by the High Cadence Transient Survey and derive physical parameters based on hydrodynamical models using a Bayesian approach. We observe a steep rise of a few days in 24 out of 26 SN II candidates, indicating the systematic detection of SBOs in a dense circumstellar matter consistent with a mass loss rate of Ṁ> 10−4M⊙ yr−1 or a dense atmosphere. This implies that the characteristic hour-timescale signature of stellar envelope SBOs may be rare in nature and could be delayed into longer-lived circumstellar material SBOs in most SNe II.

AB - Type II supernovae (SNe II) originate from the explosion of hydrogen-rich supergiant massive stars. Their first electromagnetic signature is the shock breakout (SBO), a short-lived phenomenon that can last for hours to days depending on the density at shock emergence. We present 26 rising optical light curves of SN II candidates discovered shortly after explosion by the High Cadence Transient Survey and derive physical parameters based on hydrodynamical models using a Bayesian approach. We observe a steep rise of a few days in 24 out of 26 SN II candidates, indicating the systematic detection of SBOs in a dense circumstellar matter consistent with a mass loss rate of Ṁ> 10−4M⊙ yr−1 or a dense atmosphere. This implies that the characteristic hour-timescale signature of stellar envelope SBOs may be rare in nature and could be delayed into longer-lived circumstellar material SBOs in most SNe II.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85058706062&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1038/s41550-018-0563-4

DO - 10.1038/s41550-018-0563-4

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:85058706062

SN - 2397-3366

VL - 2

SP - 808

EP - 818

JO - Nature Astronomy

JF - Nature Astronomy

IS - 10

ER -

The delay of shock breakout due to circumstellar material evident in most type II supernovae

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