Real-time modeling of milk coagulation using in-line near infrared spectroscopy

TY - JOUR

T1 - Real-time modeling of milk coagulation using in-line near infrared spectroscopy

AU - Lyndgaard, Christian Bøge

AU - Engelsen, Søren Balling

AU - van der Berg, Franciscus Winfried J

PY - 2012/1

Y1 - 2012/1

N2 - This paper considers the extraction of meaningful information in real-time from near infrared (NIR) reflection measurements of coagulating milk. This information can be used for developing automatic cutting time determination. NIR spectra (1000-2500 nm) recorded during coagulation were compressed by principal component analysis. Using component scores as a function of time, two models are proposed for describing the three milk coagulation processes: κ-casein proteolysis, micelle aggregation, and network formation. A model for the entire coagulation process and a composite model for the three individual coagulation processes were established and tested on 12 cheese batches. Both models fitted very well (R2 > 0.99) to the experimental NIR data. An algorithmic procedure is presented that is able to provide real-time parameter estimation for a semi-empirical model describing the kinetics of the milk coagulation processes as well as determining the transition times between the three different coagulation processes.

AB - This paper considers the extraction of meaningful information in real-time from near infrared (NIR) reflection measurements of coagulating milk. This information can be used for developing automatic cutting time determination. NIR spectra (1000-2500 nm) recorded during coagulation were compressed by principal component analysis. Using component scores as a function of time, two models are proposed for describing the three milk coagulation processes: κ-casein proteolysis, micelle aggregation, and network formation. A model for the entire coagulation process and a composite model for the three individual coagulation processes were established and tested on 12 cheese batches. Both models fitted very well (R2 > 0.99) to the experimental NIR data. An algorithmic procedure is presented that is able to provide real-time parameter estimation for a semi-empirical model describing the kinetics of the milk coagulation processes as well as determining the transition times between the three different coagulation processes.

U2 - 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.07.029

DO - 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.07.029

M3 - Journal article

SN - 0260-8774

VL - 108

SP - 345

EP - 352

JO - Journal of Food Engineering

JF - Journal of Food Engineering

IS - 2

ER -