No difference in body weight decrease between a low-glycemic-index and a high-glycemic-index diet but reduced LDL cholesterol after 10-wk ad libitum intake of the low-glycemic-index diet

Birgitte Sloth; Inger Krog-Mikkelsen; Anne Flint; Inge Tetens; Inger Björck; Sophie Vinoy; Helena Elmstähl; Arne Astrup; Vincent Lang; Anne Raben

No difference in body weight decrease between a low-glycemic-index and a high-glycemic-index diet but reduced LDL cholesterol after 10-wk ad libitum intake of the low-glycemic-index diet

Birgitte Sloth^*, Inger Krog-Mikkelsen, Anne Flint, Inge Tetens, Inger Björck, Sophie Vinoy, Helena Elmstähl, Arne Astrup, Vincent Lang, Anne Raben

^*Corresponding author for this work

224 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: The role of glycemic index (GI) in appetite and body-weight regulation is still not clear. Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the long-term effects of a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet with either low glycemic index (LGI) or high glycemic index (HGI) on ad libitum energy intake, body weight, and composition, as well as on risk factors for type 2 diabetes and ischemic heart disease in overweight healthy subjects. Design: The study was a 10-wk parallel, randomized, intervention trial with 2 matched groups. The LGI or HGI test foods, given as replacements for the subjects' usual carbohydrate-rich foods, were equal in total energy, energy density, dietary fiber, and macronutrient composition. Subjects were 45 (LGI diet: n = 23; HGI diet: n = 22) healthy overweight [body mass index (in kg/m ²): 27.6 ± 0.2] women aged 20-40 y. Results: Energy intake, mean (± SEM) body weight (LGI diet: -1.9 ± 0.5 kg; HGI diet: -1.3 ± 0.3 kg), and fat mass (LGI diet: -1.0 ± 0.4 kg; HGI diet: -0.4 ± 0.3 kg) decreased over time, but the differences between groups were not significant. No significant differences were observed between groups in fasting serum insulin, homeostasis model assessment for relative insulin resistance, homeostasis model assessment for β cell function, triacylglycerol, nonesterified fatty acids, or HDL cholesterol. However, a 10% decrease in LDL cholesterol (P < 0.05) and a tendency to a larger decrease in total cholesterol (P = 0.06) were observed with consumption of the LGI diet as compared with the HGI diet. Conclusions: This study does not support the contention that low-fat LGI diets are more beneficial than HGI diets with regard to appetite or body-weight regulation as evaluated over 10 wk. However, it confirms previous findings of a beneficial effect of LGI diets on risk factors for ischemic heart disease.

Original language	English
Book series	American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Volume	80
Issue number	2
Pages (from-to)	337-347
Number of pages	11
ISSN	0002-9165
Publication status	Published - 2004

Keywords

Cholesterol
Energy intake
Fat mass
Glucose
Insulin
Ischemic heart disease
Obesity
Triacylglycerol
Type 2 diabetes

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Cite this

Sloth, B., Krog-Mikkelsen, I., Flint, A., Tetens, I., Björck, I., Vinoy, S., Elmstähl, H., Astrup, A., Lang, V., & Raben, A. (2004). No difference in body weight decrease between a low-glycemic-index and a high-glycemic-index diet but reduced LDL cholesterol after 10-wk ad libitum intake of the low-glycemic-index diet. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 80(2), 337-347.

No difference in body weight decrease between a low-glycemic-index and a high-glycemic-index diet but reduced LDL cholesterol after 10-wk ad libitum intake of the low-glycemic-index diet. / Sloth, Birgitte; Krog-Mikkelsen, Inger; Flint, Anne et al.

In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 80, No. 2, 2004, p. 337-347.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Sloth, B, Krog-Mikkelsen, I, Flint, A, Tetens, I, Björck, I, Vinoy, S, Elmstähl, H, Astrup, A, Lang, V & Raben, A 2004, 'No difference in body weight decrease between a low-glycemic-index and a high-glycemic-index diet but reduced LDL cholesterol after 10-wk ad libitum intake of the low-glycemic-index diet', American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 80, no. 2, pp. 337-347.

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title = "No difference in body weight decrease between a low-glycemic-index and a high-glycemic-index diet but reduced LDL cholesterol after 10-wk ad libitum intake of the low-glycemic-index diet",

abstract = "Background: The role of glycemic index (GI) in appetite and body-weight regulation is still not clear. Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the long-term effects of a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet with either low glycemic index (LGI) or high glycemic index (HGI) on ad libitum energy intake, body weight, and composition, as well as on risk factors for type 2 diabetes and ischemic heart disease in overweight healthy subjects. Design: The study was a 10-wk parallel, randomized, intervention trial with 2 matched groups. The LGI or HGI test foods, given as replacements for the subjects' usual carbohydrate-rich foods, were equal in total energy, energy density, dietary fiber, and macronutrient composition. Subjects were 45 (LGI diet: n = 23; HGI diet: n = 22) healthy overweight [body mass index (in kg/m 2): 27.6 ± 0.2] women aged 20-40 y. Results: Energy intake, mean (± SEM) body weight (LGI diet: -1.9 ± 0.5 kg; HGI diet: -1.3 ± 0.3 kg), and fat mass (LGI diet: -1.0 ± 0.4 kg; HGI diet: -0.4 ± 0.3 kg) decreased over time, but the differences between groups were not significant. No significant differences were observed between groups in fasting serum insulin, homeostasis model assessment for relative insulin resistance, homeostasis model assessment for β cell function, triacylglycerol, nonesterified fatty acids, or HDL cholesterol. However, a 10% decrease in LDL cholesterol (P < 0.05) and a tendency to a larger decrease in total cholesterol (P = 0.06) were observed with consumption of the LGI diet as compared with the HGI diet. Conclusions: This study does not support the contention that low-fat LGI diets are more beneficial than HGI diets with regard to appetite or body-weight regulation as evaluated over 10 wk. However, it confirms previous findings of a beneficial effect of LGI diets on risk factors for ischemic heart disease.",

keywords = "Cholesterol, Energy intake, Fat mass, Glucose, Insulin, Ischemic heart disease, Obesity, Triacylglycerol, Type 2 diabetes",

author = "Birgitte Sloth and Inger Krog-Mikkelsen and Anne Flint and Inge Tetens and Inger Bj{\"o}rck and Sophie Vinoy and Helena Elmst{\"a}hl and Arne Astrup and Vincent Lang and Anne Raben",

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AU - Sloth, Birgitte

AU - Krog-Mikkelsen, Inger

AU - Flint, Anne

AU - Tetens, Inge

AU - Björck, Inger

AU - Vinoy, Sophie

AU - Elmstähl, Helena

AU - Astrup, Arne

AU - Lang, Vincent

AU - Raben, Anne

PY - 2004

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N2 - Background: The role of glycemic index (GI) in appetite and body-weight regulation is still not clear. Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the long-term effects of a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet with either low glycemic index (LGI) or high glycemic index (HGI) on ad libitum energy intake, body weight, and composition, as well as on risk factors for type 2 diabetes and ischemic heart disease in overweight healthy subjects. Design: The study was a 10-wk parallel, randomized, intervention trial with 2 matched groups. The LGI or HGI test foods, given as replacements for the subjects' usual carbohydrate-rich foods, were equal in total energy, energy density, dietary fiber, and macronutrient composition. Subjects were 45 (LGI diet: n = 23; HGI diet: n = 22) healthy overweight [body mass index (in kg/m 2): 27.6 ± 0.2] women aged 20-40 y. Results: Energy intake, mean (± SEM) body weight (LGI diet: -1.9 ± 0.5 kg; HGI diet: -1.3 ± 0.3 kg), and fat mass (LGI diet: -1.0 ± 0.4 kg; HGI diet: -0.4 ± 0.3 kg) decreased over time, but the differences between groups were not significant. No significant differences were observed between groups in fasting serum insulin, homeostasis model assessment for relative insulin resistance, homeostasis model assessment for β cell function, triacylglycerol, nonesterified fatty acids, or HDL cholesterol. However, a 10% decrease in LDL cholesterol (P < 0.05) and a tendency to a larger decrease in total cholesterol (P = 0.06) were observed with consumption of the LGI diet as compared with the HGI diet. Conclusions: This study does not support the contention that low-fat LGI diets are more beneficial than HGI diets with regard to appetite or body-weight regulation as evaluated over 10 wk. However, it confirms previous findings of a beneficial effect of LGI diets on risk factors for ischemic heart disease.

AB - Background: The role of glycemic index (GI) in appetite and body-weight regulation is still not clear. Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the long-term effects of a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet with either low glycemic index (LGI) or high glycemic index (HGI) on ad libitum energy intake, body weight, and composition, as well as on risk factors for type 2 diabetes and ischemic heart disease in overweight healthy subjects. Design: The study was a 10-wk parallel, randomized, intervention trial with 2 matched groups. The LGI or HGI test foods, given as replacements for the subjects' usual carbohydrate-rich foods, were equal in total energy, energy density, dietary fiber, and macronutrient composition. Subjects were 45 (LGI diet: n = 23; HGI diet: n = 22) healthy overweight [body mass index (in kg/m 2): 27.6 ± 0.2] women aged 20-40 y. Results: Energy intake, mean (± SEM) body weight (LGI diet: -1.9 ± 0.5 kg; HGI diet: -1.3 ± 0.3 kg), and fat mass (LGI diet: -1.0 ± 0.4 kg; HGI diet: -0.4 ± 0.3 kg) decreased over time, but the differences between groups were not significant. No significant differences were observed between groups in fasting serum insulin, homeostasis model assessment for relative insulin resistance, homeostasis model assessment for β cell function, triacylglycerol, nonesterified fatty acids, or HDL cholesterol. However, a 10% decrease in LDL cholesterol (P < 0.05) and a tendency to a larger decrease in total cholesterol (P = 0.06) were observed with consumption of the LGI diet as compared with the HGI diet. Conclusions: This study does not support the contention that low-fat LGI diets are more beneficial than HGI diets with regard to appetite or body-weight regulation as evaluated over 10 wk. However, it confirms previous findings of a beneficial effect of LGI diets on risk factors for ischemic heart disease.

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KW - Energy intake

KW - Fat mass

KW - Glucose

KW - Insulin

KW - Ischemic heart disease

KW - Obesity

KW - Triacylglycerol

KW - Type 2 diabetes

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JO - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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ER -

No difference in body weight decrease between a low-glycemic-index and a high-glycemic-index diet but reduced LDL cholesterol after 10-wk ad libitum intake of the low-glycemic-index diet

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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