Lymphocryptovirus phylogeny and the origins of Epstein-Barr virus

Bernhard Ehlers; Katja Spiess; Fabian Leendertz; Martine Peeters; Christophe Boesch; Derek Gatherer; Duncan J McGeoch

doi:10.1099/vir.0.017251-0

Lymphocryptovirus phylogeny and the origins of Epstein-Barr virus

Bernhard Ehlers, Katja Spiess, Fabian Leendertz, Martine Peeters, Christophe Boesch, Derek Gatherer, Duncan J McGeoch

54 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Specimens from wild and captive primates were collected and novel members of the genus Lymphocryptovirus (subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae) were searched for utilizing PCR for the DNA polymerase gene. Twenty-one novel viruses were detected. Together with previous findings, more than 50 distinct lymphocryptoviruses (LCVs) are now known, with hosts from six primate families (Hominidae, Hylobatidae, Cercopithecidae, Atelidae, Cebidae and Pitheciidae). Further work extended genomic sequences for 25 LCVs to 3.4-7.4 kbp. Phylogenetic trees were constructed, based on alignments of protein sequences inferred from the LCV genomic data. The LCVs fell into three major clades: Clade A, comprising New World viruses; Clade B, containing both Old World monkey viruses and hominoid viruses including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV); and Clade C, containing other hominoid viruses. By comparison with the primate tree, it was proposed that major elements of the LCV tree represented synchronous evolution with host lineages, with the earliest node in both trees being the separation of Old and New World lines, but that some virus lineages originated by interspecies transfer. From comparisons of branch lengths, it was inferred that evolutionary substitution in Clade B has proceeded more slowly than elsewhere in the LCV tree. It was estimated that in Clade B a subclade containing EBV, a gorilla virus and two chimpanzee viruses derived from an Old World monkey LCV line approximately 12 million years ago, and another subclade containing an orang-utan virus and a gibbon virus derived from a macaque LCV line approximately 1.2 million years ago.

Original language	English
Journal	The Journal of general virology
Volume	91
Issue number	Pt 3
Pages (from-to)	630-42
Number of pages	13
ISSN	0022-1317
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.017251-0
Publication status	Published - Mar 2010

Keywords

Animals
Cluster Analysis
DNA, Viral
DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase
Evolution, Molecular
Lymphocryptovirus
Phylogeny
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Primates
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Viral Proteins

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10.1099/vir.0.017251-0

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@article{569c977ddc47484bbdf0096afca4d1ab,

title = "Lymphocryptovirus phylogeny and the origins of Epstein-Barr virus",

abstract = "Specimens from wild and captive primates were collected and novel members of the genus Lymphocryptovirus (subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae) were searched for utilizing PCR for the DNA polymerase gene. Twenty-one novel viruses were detected. Together with previous findings, more than 50 distinct lymphocryptoviruses (LCVs) are now known, with hosts from six primate families (Hominidae, Hylobatidae, Cercopithecidae, Atelidae, Cebidae and Pitheciidae). Further work extended genomic sequences for 25 LCVs to 3.4-7.4 kbp. Phylogenetic trees were constructed, based on alignments of protein sequences inferred from the LCV genomic data. The LCVs fell into three major clades: Clade A, comprising New World viruses; Clade B, containing both Old World monkey viruses and hominoid viruses including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV); and Clade C, containing other hominoid viruses. By comparison with the primate tree, it was proposed that major elements of the LCV tree represented synchronous evolution with host lineages, with the earliest node in both trees being the separation of Old and New World lines, but that some virus lineages originated by interspecies transfer. From comparisons of branch lengths, it was inferred that evolutionary substitution in Clade B has proceeded more slowly than elsewhere in the LCV tree. It was estimated that in Clade B a subclade containing EBV, a gorilla virus and two chimpanzee viruses derived from an Old World monkey LCV line approximately 12 million years ago, and another subclade containing an orang-utan virus and a gibbon virus derived from a macaque LCV line approximately 1.2 million years ago.",

keywords = "Animals, Cluster Analysis, DNA, Viral, DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase, Evolution, Molecular, Lymphocryptovirus, Phylogeny, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Primates, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Viral Proteins",

author = "Bernhard Ehlers and Katja Spiess and Fabian Leendertz and Martine Peeters and Christophe Boesch and Derek Gatherer and McGeoch, {Duncan J}",

year = "2010",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1099/vir.0.017251-0",

language = "English",

volume = "91",

pages = "630--42",

journal = "Journal of General Virology",

issn = "0022-1317",

publisher = "Society for General Microbiology",

number = "Pt 3",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Lymphocryptovirus phylogeny and the origins of Epstein-Barr virus

AU - Ehlers, Bernhard

AU - Spiess, Katja

AU - Leendertz, Fabian

AU - Peeters, Martine

AU - Boesch, Christophe

AU - Gatherer, Derek

AU - McGeoch, Duncan J

PY - 2010/3

Y1 - 2010/3

N2 - Specimens from wild and captive primates were collected and novel members of the genus Lymphocryptovirus (subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae) were searched for utilizing PCR for the DNA polymerase gene. Twenty-one novel viruses were detected. Together with previous findings, more than 50 distinct lymphocryptoviruses (LCVs) are now known, with hosts from six primate families (Hominidae, Hylobatidae, Cercopithecidae, Atelidae, Cebidae and Pitheciidae). Further work extended genomic sequences for 25 LCVs to 3.4-7.4 kbp. Phylogenetic trees were constructed, based on alignments of protein sequences inferred from the LCV genomic data. The LCVs fell into three major clades: Clade A, comprising New World viruses; Clade B, containing both Old World monkey viruses and hominoid viruses including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV); and Clade C, containing other hominoid viruses. By comparison with the primate tree, it was proposed that major elements of the LCV tree represented synchronous evolution with host lineages, with the earliest node in both trees being the separation of Old and New World lines, but that some virus lineages originated by interspecies transfer. From comparisons of branch lengths, it was inferred that evolutionary substitution in Clade B has proceeded more slowly than elsewhere in the LCV tree. It was estimated that in Clade B a subclade containing EBV, a gorilla virus and two chimpanzee viruses derived from an Old World monkey LCV line approximately 12 million years ago, and another subclade containing an orang-utan virus and a gibbon virus derived from a macaque LCV line approximately 1.2 million years ago.

AB - Specimens from wild and captive primates were collected and novel members of the genus Lymphocryptovirus (subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae) were searched for utilizing PCR for the DNA polymerase gene. Twenty-one novel viruses were detected. Together with previous findings, more than 50 distinct lymphocryptoviruses (LCVs) are now known, with hosts from six primate families (Hominidae, Hylobatidae, Cercopithecidae, Atelidae, Cebidae and Pitheciidae). Further work extended genomic sequences for 25 LCVs to 3.4-7.4 kbp. Phylogenetic trees were constructed, based on alignments of protein sequences inferred from the LCV genomic data. The LCVs fell into three major clades: Clade A, comprising New World viruses; Clade B, containing both Old World monkey viruses and hominoid viruses including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV); and Clade C, containing other hominoid viruses. By comparison with the primate tree, it was proposed that major elements of the LCV tree represented synchronous evolution with host lineages, with the earliest node in both trees being the separation of Old and New World lines, but that some virus lineages originated by interspecies transfer. From comparisons of branch lengths, it was inferred that evolutionary substitution in Clade B has proceeded more slowly than elsewhere in the LCV tree. It was estimated that in Clade B a subclade containing EBV, a gorilla virus and two chimpanzee viruses derived from an Old World monkey LCV line approximately 12 million years ago, and another subclade containing an orang-utan virus and a gibbon virus derived from a macaque LCV line approximately 1.2 million years ago.

KW - Animals

KW - Cluster Analysis

KW - DNA, Viral

KW - DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase

KW - Evolution, Molecular

KW - Lymphocryptovirus

KW - Phylogeny

KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction

KW - Primates

KW - Sequence Analysis, DNA

KW - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid

KW - Viral Proteins

U2 - 10.1099/vir.0.017251-0

DO - 10.1099/vir.0.017251-0

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 19923263

SN - 0022-1317

VL - 91

SP - 630

EP - 642

JO - Journal of General Virology

JF - Journal of General Virology

IS - Pt 3

ER -

Lymphocryptovirus phylogeny and the origins of Epstein-Barr virus

Abstract

Keywords

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