Growth limitation of three Arctic sea ice algal species: effects of salinity, pH, and inorganic carbon availability

TY - JOUR

T1 - Growth limitation of three Arctic sea ice algal species

T2 - effects of salinity, pH, and inorganic carbon availability

AU - Sogaard, D.H.

AU - Hansen, P.J.

AU - Rysgaard, Søren

AU - Glud, R.N.

N1 - Times Cited: 0 SPRINGER 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA NEW YORK Article 794IB English Cited References Count: 45 Sogaard, D. H Greenland Inst Nat Resources, Greenland Climate Res Ctr, Kivioq 2,Box 570, Nuuk 3900, Greenland

PY - 2011/8

Y1 - 2011/8

N2 - The effect of salinity, pH, and dissolved inorganic carbon (TCO(2)) on growth and survival of three Arctic sea ice algal species, two diatoms (Fragilariopsis nana and Fragilariopsis sp.), and one species of chlorophyte (Chlamydomonas sp.) was assessed in controlled laboratory experiments. Our results suggest that the chlorophyte and the two diatoms have different tolerance to fluctuations in salinity and pH. The two species of diatoms exhibited maximum growth rates at a salinity of 33, and growth rates at a salinity of 100 were reduced by 50% compared to at a salinity of 33. Growth ceased at a salinity of 150. The chlorophyte species was more sensitive to high salinities than the two diatom species. Growth rate of the chlorophyte was greatly reduced already at a salinity of 50 and it could not grow at salinities above 100. At salinity 33 and constant TCO(2) concentration, all species exhibited maximal growth rate at pH 8.0 and/or 8.5. The two diatom species stopped growing at pH > 9.5, while the chlorophyte species still was able to grow at a rate which was 1/3 of its maximum growth rate at pH 10. Thus, Chlamydomonas sp. was able to grow at high pH levels in the succession experiment and therefore outcompeted the two diatom species. Complementary experiments indicated that growth was mainly limited by pH, while inorganic carbon limitation only played an important role at very high pH levels and low TCO(2) concentrations

AB - The effect of salinity, pH, and dissolved inorganic carbon (TCO(2)) on growth and survival of three Arctic sea ice algal species, two diatoms (Fragilariopsis nana and Fragilariopsis sp.), and one species of chlorophyte (Chlamydomonas sp.) was assessed in controlled laboratory experiments. Our results suggest that the chlorophyte and the two diatoms have different tolerance to fluctuations in salinity and pH. The two species of diatoms exhibited maximum growth rates at a salinity of 33, and growth rates at a salinity of 100 were reduced by 50% compared to at a salinity of 33. Growth ceased at a salinity of 150. The chlorophyte species was more sensitive to high salinities than the two diatom species. Growth rate of the chlorophyte was greatly reduced already at a salinity of 50 and it could not grow at salinities above 100. At salinity 33 and constant TCO(2) concentration, all species exhibited maximal growth rate at pH 8.0 and/or 8.5. The two diatom species stopped growing at pH > 9.5, while the chlorophyte species still was able to grow at a rate which was 1/3 of its maximum growth rate at pH 10. Thus, Chlamydomonas sp. was able to grow at high pH levels in the succession experiment and therefore outcompeted the two diatom species. Complementary experiments indicated that growth was mainly limited by pH, while inorganic carbon limitation only played an important role at very high pH levels and low TCO(2) concentrations

KW - Arctic

KW - Sea ice algae

KW - Salinity

KW - pH

KW - TCO(2)

KW - In situ succession patterns

KW - MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON

KW - WEDDELL SEA

KW - PACK ICE

KW - MICROALGAE

KW - DIATOMS

KW - PHOTOSYNTHESIS

KW - COMMUNITY

KW - RESPONSES

KW - TEMPERATURE

KW - ACQUISITION

U2 - 10.1007/s00300-011-0976-3

DO - 10.1007/s00300-011-0976-3

M3 - Journal article

SN - 0722-4060

VL - 34

SP - 1157

EP - 1165

JO - Polar Biology

JF - Polar Biology

IS - 8

ER -