Dietary L-tryptophan leaves a lasting impression on the brain and the stress response

Erik Höglund; Øyvind Øverli; Madelene Åberg Andersson; Patricia Silva; Danielle Caroline Laursen; Maria Møller Moltesen; Åshild Krogdahl; Joachim Schjolden; Svante Winberg; Marco A. Vindas; Ian Mayer; Marie Hillestad

doi:10.1017/s0007114517001428

Dietary L-tryptophan leaves a lasting impression on the brain and the stress response

Erik Höglund^*, Øyvind Øverli, Madelene Åberg Andersson, Patricia Silva, Danielle Caroline Laursen, Maria Møller Moltesen, Åshild Krogdahl, Joachim Schjolden, Svante Winberg, Marco A. Vindas, Ian Mayer, Marie Hillestad

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Biology

11 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Comparative models suggest that effects of dietary tryptophan (Trp) on brain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) neurochemistry and stress responsiveness are present throughout the vertebrate lineage. Moreover, hypothalamic 5-HT seems to play a central role in control of the neuroendocrine stress axis in all vertebrates. Still, recent fish studies suggest long-term effects of dietary Trp on stress responsiveness, which are independent of hypothalamic 5-HT. Here, we investigated if dietary Trp treatment may result in long-lasting effects on stress responsiveness, including changes in plasma cortisol levels and 5-HT neurochemistry in the telencephalon and hypothalamus of Atlantic salmon. Fish were fed diets containing one, two or three times the Trp content in normal feed for 1 week. Subsequently, fish were reintroduced to control feed and were exposed to acute crowding stress for 1 h, 8 and 21 d post Trp treatment. Generally, acute crowding resulted in lower plasma cortisol levels in fish treated with 3×Trp compared with 1×Trp- A nd 2×Trp-treated fish. The same general pattern was reflected in telencephalic 5-HTergic turnover, for which 3×Trp-treated fish showed decreased values compared with 2×Trp-treated fish. These long-term effects on post-stress plasma cortisol levels and concomitant 5-HT turnover in the telencephalon lends further support to the fact that the extrahypothalamic control of the neuroendocrine stress response is conserved within the vertebrate lineage. Moreover, they indicate that trophic/structural effects in the brain underlie the effects of dietary Trp treatment on stress reactivity.

Original language	English
Journal	British Journal of Nutrition
Volume	117
Issue number	10
Pages (from-to)	1351-1357
Number of pages	7
ISSN	0007-1145
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114517001428
Publication status	Published - 28 May 2017

Keywords

L-Tryptophan
Long-term effects
Monoamines

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Cite this

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title = "Dietary L-tryptophan leaves a lasting impression on the brain and the stress response",

abstract = "Comparative models suggest that effects of dietary tryptophan (Trp) on brain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) neurochemistry and stress responsiveness are present throughout the vertebrate lineage. Moreover, hypothalamic 5-HT seems to play a central role in control of the neuroendocrine stress axis in all vertebrates. Still, recent fish studies suggest long-term effects of dietary Trp on stress responsiveness, which are independent of hypothalamic 5-HT. Here, we investigated if dietary Trp treatment may result in long-lasting effects on stress responsiveness, including changes in plasma cortisol levels and 5-HT neurochemistry in the telencephalon and hypothalamus of Atlantic salmon. Fish were fed diets containing one, two or three times the Trp content in normal feed for 1 week. Subsequently, fish were reintroduced to control feed and were exposed to acute crowding stress for 1 h, 8 and 21 d post Trp treatment. Generally, acute crowding resulted in lower plasma cortisol levels in fish treated with 3×Trp compared with 1×Trp- A nd 2×Trp-treated fish. The same general pattern was reflected in telencephalic 5-HTergic turnover, for which 3×Trp-treated fish showed decreased values compared with 2×Trp-treated fish. These long-term effects on post-stress plasma cortisol levels and concomitant 5-HT turnover in the telencephalon lends further support to the fact that the extrahypothalamic control of the neuroendocrine stress response is conserved within the vertebrate lineage. Moreover, they indicate that trophic/structural effects in the brain underlie the effects of dietary Trp treatment on stress reactivity.",

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AU - Höglund, Erik

AU - Øverli, Øyvind

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AU - Silva, Patricia

AU - Laursen, Danielle Caroline

AU - Moltesen, Maria Møller

AU - Krogdahl, Åshild

AU - Schjolden, Joachim

AU - Winberg, Svante

AU - Vindas, Marco A.

AU - Mayer, Ian

AU - Hillestad, Marie

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Dietary L-tryptophan leaves a lasting impression on the brain and the stress response

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Keywords

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