Monocular visual deprivation suppresses excitability in adult human visual cortex

TY - JOUR

T1 - Monocular visual deprivation suppresses excitability in adult human visual cortex

AU - Lou, Astrid Rosenstand

AU - Madsen, Kristoffer Hougaard

AU - Paulson, Olaf Bjarne

AU - Julian, Hanne Olsen

AU - Prause, Jan Ulrik

AU - Siebner, Hartwig Roman

AU - Kjaer, Troels Wesenberg

PY - 2011/12

Y1 - 2011/12

N2 - The adult visual cortex maintains a substantial potential for plasticity in response to a change in visual input. For instance, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies have shown that binocular deprivation (BD) increases the cortical excitability for inducing phosphenes with TMS. Here, we employed TMS to trace plastic changes in adult visual cortex before, during, and after 48 h of monocular deprivation (MD) of the right dominant eye. In healthy adult volunteers, MD-induced changes in visual cortex excitability were probed with paired-pulse TMS applied to the left and right occipital cortex. Stimulus-response curves were constructed by recording the intensity of the reported phosphenes evoked in the contralateral visual field at range of TMS intensities. Phosphene measurements revealed that MD produced a rapid and robust decrease in cortical excitability relative to a control condition without MD. The cortical excitability returned to preinterventional baseline levels within 3 h after the end of MD. The results show that in contrast to the excitability increase in response to BD, MD acutely triggers a reversible decrease in visual cortical excitability. This shows that the pattern of visual deprivation has a substantial impact on experience-dependent plasticity of the human visual cortex.

AB - The adult visual cortex maintains a substantial potential for plasticity in response to a change in visual input. For instance, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies have shown that binocular deprivation (BD) increases the cortical excitability for inducing phosphenes with TMS. Here, we employed TMS to trace plastic changes in adult visual cortex before, during, and after 48 h of monocular deprivation (MD) of the right dominant eye. In healthy adult volunteers, MD-induced changes in visual cortex excitability were probed with paired-pulse TMS applied to the left and right occipital cortex. Stimulus-response curves were constructed by recording the intensity of the reported phosphenes evoked in the contralateral visual field at range of TMS intensities. Phosphene measurements revealed that MD produced a rapid and robust decrease in cortical excitability relative to a control condition without MD. The cortical excitability returned to preinterventional baseline levels within 3 h after the end of MD. The results show that in contrast to the excitability increase in response to BD, MD acutely triggers a reversible decrease in visual cortical excitability. This shows that the pattern of visual deprivation has a substantial impact on experience-dependent plasticity of the human visual cortex.

KW - Adult

KW - Female

KW - Humans

KW - Male

KW - Neuronal Plasticity

KW - Phosphenes

KW - Sensory Deprivation

KW - Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

KW - Visual Cortex

KW - Young Adult

U2 - 10.1093/cercor/bhr082

DO - 10.1093/cercor/bhr082

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 21531780

SN - 1047-3211

VL - 21

SP - 2876

EP - 2882

JO - Cerebral Cortex

JF - Cerebral Cortex

IS - 12

ER -